Striae Gravidarum, Acne, Facial Spots, and Hair Disorders: Risk Factors in a Study with 1284 Puerperal Patients

Table 3

Acne and hair abnormalities in pregnancy. Santa Casa Hospital, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Variables	Appearance or aggravation of acne^a
	0—no ()		1—yes ()
		%		%
Age range					<0.001^§
<25 years	339	56.2	264	43.8
26 years or more	480	71.4	192	28.6
Primiparous					<0.001^§
No	470	57.3	201	44.1
Yes	350	42.7	255	55.9
Phototype					0.011^§
1	8	1.0	6	1.3
2	154	18.8	96	21.2
3	402	49.2	178	39.4
4	198	24.2	123	27.2
5	50	6.1	46	10.2
6	5	0.6	3	0.7
Weight gain					0.249^§
≤10 kg	333	41.4	161	35.7
11 to 15 kg	252	31.3	157	34.8
16 to 20 kg	134	16.6	84	18.6
≥21 kg	86	10.7	49	10.9
Daily facial sunscreen use					0.272^§
No	660	81.1	381	83.6
Yes	154	18.9	75	16.4
Developed health complications during pregnancy					0.944^§
No	422	51.5	233	51.3
Yes	397	48.5	221	48.7
Medication use
No	100	12.2	61	13.5	0.510^§
Yes	717	87.8	390	86.5
Variables	Appearance of hair alterations^b
	0—no ()		1—yes ()
		%		%
Age range					0.374^§
<25 years	343	56.7	261	54.4
26 years or more	366	54.4	307	45.6
Primiparous					0.029^§
No	395	55.7	278	48.9
Yes	314	44.3	291	51.1
Phototype					0.533^¶
1	7	1.0	7	1.2
2	126	17.9	123	21.8
3	326	46.2	254	45.0
4	187	26.5	133	23.5
5	56	7.9	43	7.6
6	3	0.4	5	0.9
Developed health complications during pregnancy					0.488^§
No	370	52.3	285	50.2
Yes	337	47.7	283	49.8
Adequate prenatal care
No	156	22.2	95	16.8	0.011^§
Yes	548	77.8	472	83.2

^aPercentages calculated based on the total of each group that noted the appearance of aggravation of acne. ^bPercentages calculated based on the total of each group that noted the appearance of hair abnormalities. ^§Pearson’s chi-squared test. ^¶Fischer’s exact test using Monte Carlo simulations.