Maternal Serum Concentrations of Selenium, Copper, and Zinc during Pregnancy Are Associated with Risk of Spontaneous Preterm Birth: A Case-Control Study from Malawi

Table 2

Two-way analysis for micronutrient concentrations.

Serum concentration	Characteristic	Lab ref values [34]	Total	Term births; (mg/L)	Preterm births	value
Selenium (μg/L)	Mean (SD)	47-142	77.0 (19.4)	74.2 (16.5)	79.7 (21.6)	0.058
Copper (mg/L)	Mean (SD)	0.76-1.59	2.50 (0.52)	2.39 (0.43)	2.61 (0.57)	0.004
Zinc (mg/L)	Mean (SD)	0.59-1.11	0.77 (0.20)	0.73 (0.19)	0.81 (0.20)	0.006

SD: standard deviation. -test used for continuous variables.