The Efficacy of Umbelliferone, Arbutin, and N-Acetylcysteine to Prevent Microbial Colonization and Biofilm Development on Urinary Catheter Surface: Results from a Preliminary Study

Table 1

Group characteristics and results of the quantification of planktonic load in the incubation medium at the beginning and at the end of the experiment.

	Group
	1	2	3	Control
Compounds in the inoculation broth	Umbelliferone 150 mg	Umbelliferone 150 mg	Umbelliferone 300 mg	5 mL 0.9% sterile saline
	Arbutin 60 mg	Arbutin 60 mg	Arbutin 60 mg
	N-Acetylcysteine 150 mg	N-Acetylcysteine 400 mg	N-Acetylcysteine 150 mg
Number of catheters tested	5	5	5	5
Inoculated strain	E. faecalis	E. faecalis	E. faecalis	E. faecalis
Planktonic load at the start of experiment (CFU/mL)	≥10^5	≥10^5	≥10^5	≥10^5
Planktonic load at the end of experiment (CFU/mL)	>10^3	>10^3	<100	≥10^5
Difference with respect to control ()	0.35	0.35	<0.001	1