Macrofilaricidal Activity in Wuchereria bancrofti after 2 Weeks Treatment with a Combination of Rifampicin plus Doxycycline

Table 1

Variables of the patients who completed the treatment.

	Pretreatment	4 months	Pretreatment	12 months	Pretreatment	18 months	Pretreatment	24 months
Doxycycline 4 weeks
MF-positive individuals/all (%)	12/12 (100%)	9/12 (75%)	8/8 (100%)	0/8 (0%)	5/5 (100%)	0/5 (0%)	6/6 (100%)	3/6 (50%)
Comparison to Rifampicin plus Doxycycline §		𝑃=1.0		𝑃=.007		𝑃=.044		𝑃=.262
Comparison to Placebo §		𝑃=.515		𝑃=.001		𝑃=.008		𝑃=.2
Microfilaraemia
Median (25th–75th percentile)	523 (154–1013)	307 (12–1068)	523 (227–1006)	0	1100 (372–2010)	0	667 (193–838)	12 (0–49)
Comparison between time points ∗		𝑃=.388		𝑃=.012		𝑃=.043		𝑃=.028
Comparison to Rifampicin plus Doxycycline #	𝑃=.378	𝑃=.954		𝑃=.008		𝑃=.039		𝑃=.25
Comparison to Placebo #	𝑃=.007	𝑃=.072		𝑃=.001		𝑃=.007		𝑃=.018
Wolbachia load/Mf
Median (25th–75th percentile)	167 (71–238)	11 (4–24)
Comparison between time points ∗		𝑃=.002
Comparison to Rifampicin plus Doxycycline #	𝑃=.626	𝑃=.326
Comparison to Placebo #	𝑃=.31	𝑃=.003
Antigenaemia
Median; (25th–75th percentile)	14500; (9421–19162)	20574; (18369–29241)	16459; (10141–17843)	22854; (11341–17784)	11341; (9108–16776)	17625; (9711–118594)	13840; (9901–18283)	28065; (15442–49163)
Comparison between time points ∗		𝑃=.158		𝑃=.237		𝑃=.173		𝑃=.075
Comparison to Rifampicin plus Doxycycline #	𝑃=.71	𝑃=.828		𝑃=.362		𝑃=1.0		𝑃=.512
Comparison to Placebo #	𝑃=.14	𝑃=.8		𝑃=.57		𝑃=.302		𝑃=1.0
FDS-positive individuals/all (%)			10/10 (100%)	2/10 (20%)	5/5 (100%)	0/5 (0%)	4/4 (100%)	1/4 (25%)
Comparison to Rifampicin plus Doxycycline §			𝑃=.429	𝑃=.09		𝑃=.101		𝑃=.569
Comparison to Placebo §			𝑃=.317	𝑃=.007		𝑃=.008		𝑃=.143
No. of FDS
Median (25th–75th percentile)			1.0 (1–3.25)	0 (0–0.25)	2.0 (0.5–5)	0	1.0 (0.25–1.75)	0
Comparison between time points ∗				𝑃=.006		𝑃=.068		𝑃=.564
Comparison to Rifampicin plus Doxycycline #			𝑃=.796	𝑃=.081		𝑃=.065		𝑃=.555
Comparison to Placebo #			𝑃=.824	𝑃=.003		𝑃=.006		𝑃=.178
Rifampicin plus Doxycycline 2 weeks
MF-positive individuals/all (%)	12/12 (100%)	10/12 (83%)	13/13 (100%)	8/13 (62%)	12/12 (100%)	7/12 (58%)	13/13 (100%)	11/13 (85%)
Comparison to Placebo $		𝑃=1.0		𝑃=.249		𝑃=.245		𝑃=1.0
Microfilaraemia
Median (25th–75th percentile)	392 (122–460)	394 (39–703)	413 (109–465)	26 (0–133)	392 (183–468)	13 (0–64)	371 (130–465)	17 (1–290)
Comparison between time points ∗		𝑃=.695		𝑃=.003		𝑃=.002		𝑃=.004
Comparison to Placebo #	𝑃<.001	𝑃=.058		𝑃=.015		𝑃=.019		𝑃=.031
Wolbachia load/Mf
Median (25th–75th percentile)	121 (95–200)	18 (7–52)
Comparison between time points ∗		𝑃=.034
Comparison to Placebo #	𝑃=.537	𝑃=.015
Antigenaemia
Median; (25th–75th percentile)	15379; (10154–21680)	23193; (19514–29162)	15942; (10356–21680)	19928; (17305–22719)	13063; (10186–21852)	19480; (6432–28276)	17095; (10247–22273)	41933; (18834–51020)
Comparison between time points ∗		𝑃=.046		𝑃=.196		𝑃=.508		𝑃=.015
Comparison to Placebo #	𝑃=.084	𝑃=.606		𝑃=.034		𝑃=.091		𝑃=.808
FDS-positive individuals/all (%)			13/13 (100%)	8/13 (62%)	10/10 (100%)	5/10 (50%)	12/12 (100%)	7/12 (58%)
Comparison to Placebo §			𝑃=.056	𝑃=.249		𝑃=.221		𝑃=.245
No. of FDS
Median (25th–75th percentile)			1.0 (1–1.5)	1.0 (0–1)	1.0 (1–2)	0.5 (0–1)	1.0 (1–2)	1.0 (0–2)
Comparison between time points ∗				𝑃=.034		𝑃=.011		𝑃=.014
Comparison to Placebo #			𝑃=.936	𝑃=.019		𝑃=.103		𝑃=.162
Placebo matching Doxycycline 4 weeks
MF-positive individuals/all (%)	5/5 (100%)	5/5 (100%)	5/5 (100%)	5/5 (100%)	4/4 (100%)	4/4 (100%)	4/4 (100%)	4/4 (100%)
Microfilaraemia
Median (25th–75th percentile)	2380 (1230–3680)	2585 (412–3738)	2810 (1970–3820)	283 (105–358)	1595 (513–4008)	451 (82–1910)	1790 (503–4115)	605; (164–1194)
Comparison between time points∗		𝑃=.686		𝑃=.043		𝑃=.273		𝑃=.273
Wolbachia load/Mf
Median (25th–75th percentile)	133 (85–164)	358 (100–879)
Comparison between time points ∗		0.138
Antigenaemia
Median; (25th–75th percentile)	12616; (10398–97319)	21861; (18614–26987)	12616; (10345–58134)	27747; (26039–34228)	97319	28653	48995; (10318–98789)	30902; (7541–76947)
Comparison between time points ∗		𝑃=.866		𝑃=.5		𝑃=.285		𝑃=.465
FDS-positive individuals/all (%)			3/5 (60%)	5/5 (100%)	2/4 (50%)	4/4 (100%)	3/4 (75%)	4/4 (100%)
No. of FDS
Median (25th–75th percentile)			3.0 (0–4)	3.0 (1–4.5)	0.5 (0–2.5)	1.0 (1–1.75)	1.5 (0.25–2.75)	1.5 (1–2.75)
Comparison between time points ∗				𝑃=.083		𝑃=.785		𝑃=.564

§Fisher’s exact-test.
∗Wilcoxon-signed-rank-test.
#Mann-Whitney-U-test.