Could kDNA-PCR in Peripheral Blood Replace the Examination of Bone Marrow for the Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis?

Table 1

Results of clinical, epidemiological, and laboratorial diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in Group 1 (true VL cases) (1).

Number of samples (), age (), and sample entrance (SE)	Comorbidities (CM)	Clinical and laboratorial manifestations	Epidemiological data (place of origin)	Laboratorial investigation for VL (gold standard)			Laboratorial investigation for VL (tests)
				Parasitological techniques in bone marrow (BM)		Serological technique (rK39) in peripheral blood (PB)	Parasitological techniques in peripheral blood (PB)		Molecular technique (kDNA) in bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB)
				BM-S	BM-C	PB-rK39	PB-S	PB-C	BM-kDNA	PB-kDNA
: 1.1; : 19; SE: 07/30/2009	Systemic lupus erythematosus	Hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia	Bahia; Sister and dog with VL	Neg	Neg	Pos	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 1.2; : 20; SE: 05/25/2011	Systemic lupus erythematosus	VL with death Hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia	Bahia	Pos	Neg	Pos	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 2.1; : 31; SE: 08/14/2009	HIV	Hepatosplenomegaly and fever	Mato Grosso	Pos	Neg	Neg	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 2.2; : 33; SE: 02/22/2011	HIV	Hepatosplenomegaly and fever	Mato Grosso	Pos	Neg	Neg	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 2.3; : 33; SE: 03/11/2011	HIV	Hepatosplenomegaly and fever	Mato Grosso	Pos	Neg	Neg	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 2.4; : 33; SE: 03/30/2011	HIV	Hepatosplenomegaly and fever	Mato Grosso	Pos	Neg	Neg	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 3; : 26; SE: 09/18/2009	HIV	VL severe with death Hepatosplenomegaly and fever	São Paulo	Pos	Neg	Neg	Neg	Neg	Neg	Pos
: 4; : 69; SE: 12/07/2009		Hepatosplenomegaly	Ceará	Neg	Neg	Pos	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 5; : 30; SE: 02/01/2010	No	Hepatosplenomegaly, fever, and weight of loss	Bahia	Neg	Neg	Pos	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 6; : 74; SE: 04/16/2010	No	VL with death; Pancytopenia and fever	Minas Gerais	Pos	Pos	Pos	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 7; : 40; SE: 11/16/2010	No	Splenomegaly, plateletopenia, anaemia, and fever	Pernambuco	Pos	Pos	Pos	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 8; : 29; SE: 05/11/2011	Schistosomiasis	Hepatosplenomegaly and fever	Bahia	Pos	Pos	Pos	Pos	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 9; : 65; SE: 06/28/2011	Hemophagocytic syndrome	Hepatosplenomegaly, fever, and pancytopenia	Bahia	Pos	Pos	Pos	Pos	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 10; : 53; SE: 08/23/2011	Schistosomiasis; hanseniasis	Pancytopenia	Alagoas	Pos	Pos	Pos	Pos	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 11; : 33; SE: 08/23/2011	No	Hepatosplenomegaly and fever	Bahia	Pos	Pos	Pos	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 12; : 4; SE: 08/16/2011	No	Hepatosplenomegaly, fever pancytopenia, anaemia, weight loss, and lymphadenomegaly	Mato Grosso	Neg	Neg	Pos	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 13; : 2; SE: 08/25/2011	No	Hepatosplenomegaly, fever, and pancytopenia	Piauí	Pos	Pos	Pos	Pos	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 14; : 48; SE: 08/29/2011	No	Hepatosplenomegaly, fever, and pancytopenia	Bahia	Pos	Neg	Pos	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 15; : 45; SE: 11/11/2011	No	Hepatosplenomegaly, fever, and weight loss	Bahia	Pos	Pos	Pos	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos
: 16; : 20; SE: 03/27/2011	No	Hepatosplenomegaly and fever	Bahia	Pos	Neg	Pos	Neg	Neg	Pos	Pos

BM-S: smear with sample from bone marrow; BM-C: culture with sample from bone marrow; PB-S: smear with sample from peripheral blood; PB-C: culture with sample from peripheral blood; PB-rK39: rK39 with sample from peripheral blood; BM-kDNA: kDNA PCR in sample from bone marrow; PB-kDNA: kDNA PCR in sample from peripheral blood; pos: positive; neg: negative.