| | Author reference | Year | Province | sample | Positive
() | Positive
% (95% CI) | Lab method (Ag) | Target group |
| | Jamali [37] | 1995 | Uromieh | 300 | 5 | 1.67 (0.22, 3.12) | IFA | Villagers | | Arbabi [18] | 1998 | Hamedan | 1530 | 46 | 3.01 (2.15, 3.86) | IFA | Healthy volunteers | | Saberi-Firouzi [21] | 1998 | Fars | 1000 | 137 | 13.70 (11.57, 15.83) | CIE | Healthy volunteers | | Mohamadi [38] | 1998 | Tehran | 700 | 68 | 9.71 (7.52, 11.91) | IFA | Healthy volunteers | | Zariffard [39] | 1999 | Western Iran | 4138 | 230 | 5.56 (4.86, 6.26) | ELISA | Healthy volunteers | | Nilfroshan [40] | 1998 | Esfehan | 1000 | 36 | 3.60 (2.45, 4.75) | IFA | Healthy volunteers | | Sadjjadi [13] | 2001 | Shiraz | 1227 | 76 | 6.19 (4.85, 7.54) | CCIEP | Healthy volunteers | | Sedaghat Gohar [27] | 2001 | Tehran | 1052 | 62 | 5.89 (4.47, 7.32) | IFA | Healthy volunteers | | Yousefi Darani [28] | 2003 | Chaharmahal | 2524 | 120 | 4.75 (3.92, 5.58) | CIE | Surgical patients | | Amiri [41] | 2001 | Kermanshah | 1072 | 86 | 8.02 (6.4, 9.65) | IFA | Patients and blood donors | | Farrokhzad [17] | 2004 | Tehran | 437 | 1 | 0.23 (−0.22, 0.68) | IFA | Healthy volunteers | | Haniloo [29] | 2002 | Zanjan | 2367 | 71 | 3.00 (2.31, 3.69) | ELISA | Healthy volunteers | | Aflaki [22] | 2005 | Eilam | 3000 | 37 | 1.23 (0.84, 1.63) | Dot-ELISA | Healthy volunteers | | Rafiei [42] | 2005 | Khuzestan | 4596 | 437 | 9.51 (8.66, 10.36) | ELISA | Healthy volunteers | | Akhlaghi [43] | 2005 | Kordestan | 1114 | 37 | 3.32 (2.27, 4.37) | IFA | Healthy volunteers | | Rafiei [20] | 2007 | Khuzestan | 3446 | 475 | 13.78 (12.63, 14.94) | ELISA | Healthy volunteers | | Baharsefat [34] | 2007 | Golestan | 1024 | 46 | 4.49 (3.22, 5.76) | ELISA, IFA | Healthy volunteers | | Mirzanejadasl [30] | 2008 | Ardabil | 1003 | 111 | 11.07 (9.13, 13.01) | ELISA | Healthy volunteers | | Hadadian [23] | 2008 | Kordestan | 1979 | 22 | 1.11 (0.65, 1.57) | ELISA | Healthy volunteers | | Moazezi [31] | 2009 | Kerman | 451 | 37 | 8.20 (5.67, 10.74) | ELISA | Blood donors | | Akhlaghi [44] | 2009 | Tehran | 1100 | 18 | 1.64 (0.01, 0.02) | Dot-ELISA | Healthy volunteers | | Esmaeili [45] | 2010 | Kashan | 361 | 11 | 3.05 (0.01, 0.05) | ELISA, IFA | Healthy volunteers | | Srakari [24] | 2010 | Yasuj | 500 | 36 | 7.20 (0.05, 0.09) | ELISA | Patients referred to lab | | Dadkhah [46] | 2011 | East Azarbaijan | 250 | 8 | 3.20 (0.01, 0.05) | IFA | Healthy volunteers | | Harandi [35] | 2011 | Kerman | 1140 | 34 | 2.98 (0.02, 0.04) | ELISA | Healthy volunteers | | Kavous [25] | 2010 | Jahrom | 1096 | 69 | 6.30 (0.05, 0.08) | ELISA | Patients referred to lab | | Garedaghi [47] | 2011 | East Azarbaijan | 1500 | 11 | 0.73 (0, 0.01) | ELISA | Healthy volunteers | | Heidari [26] | 2011 | Ardabil | 670 | 12 | 1.79 (0.01, 0.03) | ELISA | Healthy volunteers | | Rakhshanpour [36] | 2012 | Qom | 1564 | 25 | 1.60 (0.01, 0.02) | ELISA | Healthy volunteers | | Zibaei [16] | 2013 | Khorram abad | 617 | 95 | 15.40 (0.13, 0.18) | ELISA | Patients referred to lab | | Asgari [19] | 2013 | Arak | 578 | 20 | 3.46 (0.02, 0.05) | ELISA | Healthy volunteers | | Shahrokhabadi [48] | 2014 | Kerman | 486 | 9 | 1.85 (0.01, 0.03) | ELISA | Patients referred to HC | | Ilbeigi [33] | 2015 | Isfahan | 635 | 7 | 1.10 (0, 0.02) | ELISA | Patients referred to HC |
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