Coinfection with Schistosoma haematobium and Plasmodium falciparum and Anaemia Severity among Pregnant Women in Munyenge, Mount Cameroon Area: A Cross-Sectional Study
Table 3
Risk factors associated with coinfection with S. haematobium and P. falciparum among pregnant women in Munyenge.
Factors
Category
Presence of coinfection% ()
Unadjusted OR (95% CI)
Adjusted OR (95% CI)
value
Age (years)
≤20
25 (14)
4.6 (1.2–17)
2.8 (0.3–22.7)
0.338
21–25
17.7 (14)
2.9 (0.8–10.9)
1.5 (0.2–9.7)
0.662
26–30
9.9 (7)
1.5 (0.4–6.1)
0.3 (0.04–2.2)
0.247
>30
6.8 (3)
REF
REF
; value
8.53; <0.001
Gravidity
Primigravidity
23.6 (16)
3.4 (1.4–8.2)
0.4 (0.1–1.7)
0.198
Secundigravidity
18.3 (13)
2.5 (1.0–6.2)
0.9 (0.2–3.5)
0.893
Multigravidity
8.2 (9)
REF
REF
; value
8.15; 0.017
Marital status
Single
17.7 (11)
1.3 (0.6–2.8)
NA
Married
14.4 (27)
REF
; value
0.41; 0.52
Educational level
Primary Secondary ; value
13.8 (17) 6.5 (31) 0.36; 0.55
1.4 (0.7–2.9) REF
NA
Occupation
Housewife
13.5 (7)
1.2 (0.4–3.7)
NA
Business
17.2 (16)
2.1 (0.8–5.3)
Student
21.2 (7)
3.0 (1.0–9.2)
Farmer
11.1 (8)
REF
; value
2.27; 0.518
Activities in the stream
Domestic contact and bathing
26.6 (36)
24.4 (5.7–104)
13.3 (2.2–79.5)
0.005
Domestic contact only
1.6 (2)
REF
REF
; value
35.24; <0.001
Frequency to the stream/day
1 to 2 times
2.5 (3)
0.04 (0.01–0.15)
0.1 (0.01–0.4)
0.002 0.027
3 to 4 times
15.8 (9)
0.3 (0.1–0.8)
0.3 (0.1–0.9)
5+ times
36.6 (26)
REF
REF
; value
40.65; <0.001
IPTp-SP uptake
Yes
9.5 (16)
0.3 (0.1–0.6)
0.06 (0.02–0.2)
<0.001
No
27.2 (22)
REF
REF
; value
13.29; <0.001
: Pearson Chi-square test; OR: odd ratio. Adjusted OR using multivariate regression analysis.
