In Vitro Anthelmintic Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Crude Extracts of Three Medicinal Plants against Haemonchus Contortus in Sheep at Haramaya Municipal Abattoir, Eastern Hararghe

Table 2

Phytochemical screening methods (Debella, 2002; Harborne, 2007).

Secondary metabolites	Phytochemical test	Chemicals/method	Indicator
Alkaloids	Mayer’s test	Mayer’s reagent	Creamy precipitate
Flavonoids	Shinoda’s test	NaOH+HCl (dilut.)	Intense yellow/colorless
Glycosides	Ferric chloride test	20%KOH + %5FeCl3	Black precipitate
Phenolic compounds	Ferric chloride test	1%FeCl3+ 1 ml of K3Fe(CN)6	Bluish green color
Phlobatannins	HCl test	2 ml of 1%HCl	Deposition of a red precipitate
Saponins	Frothing test	Heat	Formation of persistent honeycomb froth
Steroids	Salkowski’s test	CHCl3+H2SO4 (conc.)	Reddish brown color
Terpenoids			Formation of yellow color
Tannins	Ferric chloride test	0.1%FeCl3 (dilut.)	Brownish green or blue black color

Note: CHCl₃ = methyl chloroform; Conc. = concentrated; FeCl₃ = ferric chloride; H₂SO₄ = sulfuric acid; HCl = hydrochloric acid; K₃Fe(CN)₆ = potassium ferrocyanide; KOH = potassium hydroxide; NaOH = sodium hydroxide.