Research Article
EVOCE Robot: Developing Prototypes and Teaching Young Learners English Vocabulary
Table 1
Types of PINs and functions on Arduino uno R3.
| | PIN category | PIN name | Details |
| | Strength | Vin, 5 V, 3.3 V, GND | Vin: input voltage to Arduino when using an external power source | | 5 V: the power supply used for the microcontroller board | | 3.3 V: voltage generated by the on-board regulator | | GND: ground |
| | Reset | Reset | Resetting the microcontroller |
| | Analog PIN | A10–A5 | To provide an analog input of about 0–5 V |
| | Input/output PIN | PIN digital 0–13 | Adaptable to input and output PIN |
| | PWM | 3, 5, 6, 9, 11 | To receive or transmit TTL serial data |
| | SPI | 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), 13 (SCK) | As an interrupt trigger |
| | LED | 13 | Supplying 8-bit PWM output |
| | TWI | A4 (9SDA), A5 (SCA) | As SPI communication |
| | AREF | AREF | To turn on the LED light |
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