Characterizing Vibrating Cantilevers for Liquid Viscosity and Density Sensing

Figure 2

Measurement setup. The PZT bending actuator is rigidly clamped at one end. To the free end of the cantilever, a tip of well-defined geometry (width 𝑤) is attached and immersed in the sample liquid (dipping depth 𝑑). The interaction of the cantilever tip and the liquid changes the frequency characteristics, which is measured by the lock-in amplifier (LIA).