Carbon Nanotube-Based Electrochemical Sensors: Principles  and  Applications  in  Biomedical  Systems

Table 1

Sensitive determination of electroactive microbiomolecules at CNT-based sensors.

Targets	Electrodes	Supporting electrolyte	Detection potential/V	Linear range/𝜇M	DL/𝜇M	Ref.
UA	SWNT/Au	0.1 M HAc-NaAc pH 5.0	0.451	4.0∼700	1.0	[211]
Thymine	MWNT-CD/CE	NaHCO3-Na2CO3 pH 10.8	0.87	25∼1800	5.0	[131]
NE	SWNT/GCE	B-R pH 5.72	0.261	10∼1100	6.0	[212]
Xanthine (Xa)	MWNT/GCE	HAc-NaAc pH 5.20	0.8	0.2∼20	0.004	[213]
DA	MWNT-IE	0.05 M PBS pH 7.4	0.13	0.5∼10	0.1	[179]
5-HT			0.32	1∼15	0.2
Hypo-xanthine	MWNT-DHP/GCE	0.1 M PBS pH 7.3	1.06	0.5∼200	0.2	[94]
DA	MWNT-IE	50 mM NaH2PO4 pH 5.0	0.4	0.5∼10	0.1	[178]
AA			0.13	80∼1360	20
DA	MWNT/GCE	0.2 M PBS pH 5.0	0.24	0.0005∼10	0.00025	[214]∗
NE			—	0.0005∼10	0.00025
5-HT			—	0.0007∼10	0.00035
DA	SWNT/CFNE	25 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.4	—	0.1∼100	0.0077	[76]
EP				0.3∼100	0.038
NE				0.5∼100	0.042
UA	Aligned MWNTs	PBS pH 7.4	0.295	0.2∼80	0.1	[191]
Dopa	SWNT/GCE	0.1 M PBS pH 5.0	0.27	0.5∼20	0.3	[30]
EP	MWNT/bppg	0.1 M PBS pH 4.3	0.18	0.1∼100	0.02	[182]
DA	MWNT/GCE	0.2 M PBS pH 5.0	—	0.0005∼10	0.0002	[215]∗
NE				0.0004∼10	0.0002
5-HT				0.0007∼10	0.0003

∗The results were obtained from an electrochemical detection (ED) system for liquid chromatography (LC).