Nanotechnology: A Tool for Improved Performance on Electrochemical Screen-Printed (Bio)Sensors

Figure 2

Immobilization and analytical protocol for DNA hybridization detection. (a) Formation of self-assembled cysteamine monolayer, (b) immobilization of ssDNA probe, (c) hybridization of complementary target, (d) “loading” of the silver ion to DNA, (e) hydroquinone-catalyzed reduction of silver ions to form silver aggregates on the DNA backbone, (f) dissolution of the silver aggregates in nitric acid (50%) and transfer to the detection cell, (g) stripping potentiometric detection with SPE. From [96] with the permission of Elsevier.