Distributed Classification of Localization Attacks in Sensor Networks Using Exchange-Based Feature Extraction and Classifier

Figure 3

Normalized betweenness centrality distribution of sensors network and the probability density function of its exponential distribution approximation for different external attacks scenario. The parameter in exponential distribution is estimated as (a) , (b) , (c) , and (d) .

(a) Unassailed

(b) Wormhole attack

(c) Interference attack

(d) Replay attack