Online Accurate Estimation of the Wheel-Rail Adhesion Coefficient and Optimal Adhesion Antiskid Control of Heavy-Haul Electric Locomotives Based on Asymmetric Barrier Lyapunov Function

<div>Actual value and observed value by SMO and FDSO of the adhesion coefficient.</div>

Journal of Sensors

fig6

Figure 6

Figure 6: Online Accurate Estimation of the Wheel-Rail Adhesion Coefficient and Optimal Adhesion Antiskid Control of Heavy-Haul Electric Locomotives Based on Asymmetric Barrier Lyapunov Function 

Figure 6 | Online Accurate Estimation of the Wheel-Rail Adhesion Coefficient and Optimal Adhesion Antiskid Control of Heavy-Haul Electric Locomotives Based on Asymmetric Barrier Lyapunov Function 