Electromagnetic Bridge Energy Harvester Utilizing Bridge’s Vibrations and Ambient Wind for Wireless Sensor Node Application

Table 1

Bridges’ vibration data.

Bridge	Frequency (Hz)	Acceleration ()	Ref.
RT11 (New York, USA)	1	0.55	[19]
Ferrite (Sweden)	14-15	0.02	[20]
Barrel Springs	3.003	0.09	[21]
Grove Street (Michigan, USA)	2–30	0.01–0.035	[22]
—	2–8	0.1	[23]
New Arsta (Sweden)	1–5	0.3–1.5	[24]
Komtur (Berlin)	2–2.6	0–0.006	[25]
New Carquinez (California, USA)	2–30	0.01–0.13	[26]
(North, France)	2	0.05	[27]
NC (USA)	1–40	0.01–0.1	[28]
Huanghe cable-stayed bridge (China)	1-2	0.015	[29]
Golden Gate (San Francisco, USA)	0–1.5	0–0.061	[30]
IH-35N over Medina River (Texas)	3.1	0.15	[31]
California (USA)	10–20	0.0002	[32]
Box girder (Austin, USA)	1–15	0.12	[33]
Iwate Prefecture (Japan)	0–25	0.005	[34]
Ypsilanti (Michigan, USA)	2–30	0.01–0.035	[35]
Seohae Grand Bridge (South Korea)	1	0.0125	[36]
Voigt bridge	4.8	0.0025	[37]
Seohae Grand (South Korea)	1	0.02	[38]
Iriri	—	0.278	[39]
Ferrite (Sweden)	4.1	0.02	[40]