Research Article

Method for Wearable Kinematic Gait Analysis Using a Harmonic Oscillator Applied to the Center of Mass

Table 1

The segmented validation approach to test the wearable sensor in walking.

Task numberRationaleProtocol setup

1Healthy subject monitoring at self-selected natural speedWalking over a linear path, one healthy subject only, repeated tests, fixed step length at the natural anthropometric step length value, fixed total distance of a traveled path, and fixed total number of steps
2Population of healthy subjects to be monitored at self-selected natural speedExtension of task number 1 to a population of healthy subjects with different gender and BMI
3Healthy subjects to be monitored at different walking speedsWalking on a treadmill to evaluate the model when the subject is moving at different speeds
4Monitoring of pathological subjects with asymmetrical gait at self-selected natural speedIdentification of stroke as target pathology and tests with a small population of subjects walking over a linear path
5Validation with respect to gold standard technologyComparison of simultaneous recordings using gold standard reference (optoelectronic gait analysis, video recording, and ground reaction forces with the Davis protocol) with healthy and poststroke patients
6Implementation of automatic execution and reporting of functional clinical testsWalking over a linear path, a population of healthy subjects with different gender and BMI, repeated tests, performing the 6MWT (six-minute walking test), the TUG (timed up and go), and the 10-meter and 50-meter walking test at normal or maximum self-selected speed
7Extension of automatic execution and reporting of functional clinical tests to patients using specific aidsExtension of task number 6 to a small population of poststroke subjects with different gender and BMI and using walking aids (stick, quadripod stick, and walker)
8Validation with respect to standard functional protocolsExtensive validation of task number 7 to a population of poststroke subjects with different gender, BMI, and walking aids
9Automatic recognition of free gaitWalking from a linear path to a variable path
10Analysis of running patterns (extension from walking to running)Identification and analysis of the running pattern
11Automatic recognition of free movementsActivity pattern recognition of categories of movement (gait, running, sit-to-stand, stairs, …)
12Integration of metabolic indexesValidation of energy expenditure
13Application to large populationExtension of the method to different clusters of subjects