Scalable Deposition of Nanomaterial-Based Temperature Sensors for Transparent and Pervasive Electronics

<table class="table-group" id="tab2"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Type</td><td class="align_center">AgNW-CNT</td><td class="align_center">CNT-AgNW</td><td class="align_center">CNT-PEDOT:PSS</td><td class="align_center">PEDOT:PSS-CNT</td><td class="align_center">AgNW-PEDOT:PSS</td><td class="align_center">PEDOT:PSS-AgNW</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><svg height="15.1892pt" id="M24" style="vertical-align:-3.291101pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.8981 9.24907 15.1892" width="9.24907pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><rect height="0.65243" width="9.14944" x="0" y="-11.1958"></rect><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M449 634C442 637 425 643 405 650C376 660 341 666 307 666C181 666 98 590 98 485C98 400 170 343 215 310L246 288C307 243 343 204 343 147C343 67 291 18 219 18C104 18 61 124 51 202L23 199C28 124 27 71 27 47C47 22 122 -16 204 -16C324 -16 428 60 428 174C428 256 379 309 307 360L276 382C223 419 179 455 179 516C179 576 221 632 293 632C379 632 410 564 418 487L448 490C446 536 446 592 449 634Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.071,3.132)"><path d="M250 606C250 634 233 656 203 656C168 656 146 618 146 593C146 564 169 545 192 545C227 545 250 573 250 606ZM227 95L212 119C187 98 152 71 135 71C129 71 128 78 134 102L207 373C219 418 217 451 194 451C165 451 92 411 30 351L44 326C77 353 106 371 114 371C124 371 121 357 117 341L55 97C32 5 46 -12 70 -12C108 -12 191 51 227 95Z"></path></g></svg> (<i>μ</i>V/K)<br/><svg height="11.9316pt" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-3.2957pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 27.5811 11.9316" width="27.5811pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M449 634C442 637 425 643 405 650C376 660 341 666 307 666C181 666 98 590 98 485C98 400 170 343 215 310L246 288C307 243 343 204 343 147C343 67 291 18 219 18C104 18 61 124 51 202L23 199C28 124 27 71 27 47C47 22 122 -16 204 -16C324 -16 428 60 428 174C428 256 379 309 307 360L276 382C223 419 179 455 179 516C179 576 221 632 293 632C379 632 410 564 418 487L448 490C446 536 446 592 449 634Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.071,3.132)"><path d="M327 325C324 350 312 408 304 433C283 442 256 451 213 451C120 451 59 391 59 320C59 243 125 210 188 181C237 158 266 136 266 93C266 52 231 24 195 24C134 24 93 81 74 148L42 143C42 106 51 37 59 23C78 8 125 -12 177 -12C257 -12 345 35 345 127C345 198 292 234 216 264C171 283 131 305 131 348C131 387 156 416 195 416C243 416 277 378 297 317L327 325Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.566,3.132)"><path d="M384 109C349 76 310 59 268 59C197 59 123 113 120 245C240 248 367 259 384 262C403 266 407 275 407 296C407 376 338 451 254 451H253C201 451 148 425 105 378C65 334 39 272 39 203C39 88 112 -12 235 -12C266 -12 339 5 402 84L384 109ZM230 411C285 411 319 365 319 313C319 298 313 293 294 293C236 291 180 290 125 290C141 370 185 411 230 411Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,13.515,3.132)"><path d="M185 344V453C137 433 92 421 41 413V386C100 378 104 375 104 310V106C104 41 97 35 33 30V0H268V30C190 35 185 41 185 107V283C206 340 240 371 267 371C282 371 296 364 310 351C316 344 325 343 336 348C357 357 369 378 369 399C369 424 345 451 310 451C262 451 219 397 187 344H185Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,17.037,3.132)"><path d="M138 535C169 535 191 560 191 589C191 620 168 644 139 644S85 620 85 589C85 560 110 535 138 535ZM257 0V30C192 35 185 43 185 109V453C142 435 94 422 40 414V386C101 378 104 372 104 311V109C104 41 97 35 33 30V0H257Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,19.54,3.132)"><path d="M384 109C349 76 310 59 268 59C197 59 123 113 120 245C240 248 367 259 384 262C403 266 407 275 407 296C407 376 338 451 254 451H253C201 451 148 425 105 378C65 334 39 272 39 203C39 88 112 -12 235 -12C266 -12 339 5 402 84L384 109ZM230 411C285 411 319 365 319 313C319 298 313 293 294 293C236 291 180 290 125 290C141 370 185 411 230 411Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,23.461,3.132)"><path d="M327 325C324 350 312 408 304 433C283 442 256 451 213 451C120 451 59 391 59 320C59 243 125 210 188 181C237 158 266 136 266 93C266 52 231 24 195 24C134 24 93 81 74 148L42 143C42 106 51 37 59 23C78 8 125 -12 177 -12C257 -12 345 35 345 127C345 198 292 234 216 264C171 283 131 305 131 348C131 387 156 416 195 416C243 416 277 378 297 317L327 325Z"></path></g></svg> (<i>μ</i>V/K)</td><td class="align_center">50.4 ± 5.68<br/>201.7</td><td class="align_center">37.5 ± 1.40<br/>149.9</td><td class="align_center">26.9 ± 2.87<br/>107.4</td><td class="align_center">13.8 ± 5.51<br/>55.1</td><td class="align_center">14.8 ± 0.83<br/>58.9</td><td class="align_center">14.3 ± 0.64<br/>57.2</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><svg height="11.9316pt" id="M26" 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325Z"></path></g></svg> (kΩ)</td><td class="align_center">92.2</td><td class="align_center">90.2</td><td class="align_center">179</td><td class="align_center">222</td><td class="align_center">5.38</td><td class="align_center">3.73</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><svg height="11.6836pt" id="M27" style="vertical-align:-3.29562pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.38798 35.6714 11.6836" width="35.6714pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M46 650V622C120 617 128 613 128 525V125C128 42 120 34 40 28V0H311V28C221 34 212 39 212 124V281L286 262C297 261 316 261 331 263C429 275 526 338 526 468C526 533 501 579 462 609C422 638 364 650 293 650H46ZM212 559C212 588 215 600 223 606C230 613 251 618 279 618C361 618 430 572 430 464C430 337 350 302 285 302C252 302 225 309 212 314V559Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.254,0)"><path d="M493 503C489 551 484 614 483 650H43V622C120 616 128 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319 365 319 313C319 298 313 293 294 293C236 291 180 290 125 290C141 370 185 411 230 411Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,31.521,3.132)"><path d="M327 325C324 350 312 408 304 433C283 442 256 451 213 451C120 451 59 391 59 320C59 243 125 210 188 181C237 158 266 136 266 93C266 52 231 24 195 24C134 24 93 81 74 148L42 143C42 106 51 37 59 23C78 8 125 -12 177 -12C257 -12 345 35 345 127C345 198 292 234 216 264C171 283 131 305 131 348C131 387 156 416 195 416C243 416 277 378 297 317L327 325Z"></path></g></svg> (fW/K<sup><b>2</b></sup>)</td><td class="align_center">110</td><td class="align_center">62.3</td><td class="align_center">16.1</td><td class="align_center">3.42</td><td class="align_center">161</td><td class="align_center">219</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="7"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Series Seebeck coefficient of the four legs of the TCs in <i>μ</i>V/K for the three material combinations and the two spraying orders and the mean value of the individual junctions (<span class="nowrap"><svg height="15.2674pt" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-3.2911pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.9763 10.0372 15.2674" width="10.0372pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><rect height="0.65243" width="9.93756" x="0" y="-11.2741"></rect><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M486 629C476 634 465 639 446 646C405 661 367 667 324 667C194 667 95 598 95 475C95 391 155 329 227 283L260 262C313 228 343 183 343 137C343 81 306 27 228 27C115 27 66 150 56 217L21 212C24 123 23 66 22 48C58 17 128 -17 218 -17C362 -17 473 64 473 186C473 283 409 340 337 384L306 403C249 438 217 467 217 520C217 572 249 627 318 627C408 627 438 529 447 468L482 471C480 534 480 588 486 629Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.498,3.132)"><path d="M294 607C294 643 272 671 230 671C172 671 143 618 143 593C143 548 173 524 215 524C261 524 294 565 294 607ZM285 104L263 135C232 107 205 93 193 93C185 93 184 106 191 135L247 358C259 406 254 457 224 457C184 457 113 420 28 348L47 315C76 336 101 349 109 349S115 337 109 314L58 109C33 10 61 -12 96 -12C128 -12 209 18 285 104Z"></path></g></svg>).</span> The material mentioned first was sprayed first. The resistance and the resulting power over the four thermocouples are also displayed<i>.</i></div>

Journal of Sensors

tab2

Table 2

Table 2: Scalable Deposition of Nanomaterial-Based Temperature Sensors for Transparent and Pervasive Electronics 