Review Article
Biometric-Based Attendance Tracking System for Education Sectors: A Literature Survey on Hardware Requirements
Table 5
Properties of the camera used for the attendance tracking system.
| | Year | Author | Company/type of camera | Quantity of camera | Resolution | Crop size of face image | Frame rate (fps) | Format (video/image) |
| | 2005 | Kawaguchi et al. [27] | (i) Sensing camera (fish-eye lens)
(ii) Capturing camera (pan-tilt zoom camera) | 2 | — | — | — | Image |
| | 2010 | González-Agulla et al. [72] | Webcam | A webcam for each computer | — | — | — | Video flow |
| | 2013 | Chintalapati and Raghunadh [66] | Webcam | 1 | | | — | Video & image |
| | 2014 | Siswanto et al. [65] | Camera | 1 | — | — | — | Image |
| | 2015 | Chin et al. [64] | Webcam | 1 | | | 30 | Capture frame of video |
| | 2015 | Wagh et al. [70] | High-definition camera | 1 | — | — | — | Image |
| | 2016 | Divyaharitha et al. [41] | Webcam | 1 | — | — | — | Image |
| | 2016 | Jayant and Borra [50] | iBall/CHD 20.0 webcam | 1 | — | | 30 | A frame of the classroom was captured every 20 minutes |
| | 2016 | Lukas et al. [71] | — | — | — | | — | Image |
| | 2016 | Rajkumar and Prakash [45] | USB webcam | 1 | — | — | — | Image |
| | 2016 | Pss and Bhaskar [33] | Webcam | 1 | | | — | Image |
| | 2016 | Veer and Momin [49] | (i) Webcam of a laptop (enrollment)
(ii) Surveillance camera (recognition) | 2 | — | | — | Capture frame of video |
| | 2017 | Kurniawan et al. [29] | Camera of a smartphone (captured own face image by user) | — | — | | — | Image |
| | 2017 | Mittal et al. [69] | Camera | 1 | — | — | Min. 2 fps | Capture frame of video |
| | 2017 | Okokpujie et al. [60] | Webcam | 1 | — | — | — | Image |
| | 2017 | Pei et al. [59] | Camera of a mobile phone and a height-adjustable tripod | 1 | — | | — | Capture frame of video |
| | 2017 | Poornima et al. [30] | Digital cameras | 2 nonintersecting cameras | — | — | — | Image |
| | 2017 | Raghuwanshi and Swami [31] | High-definition camera | 1 | — | — | — | Capture frame of video |
| | 2017 | Rathod et al. [68] | Camera | 1 | — | | — | Capture frame of video |
| | 2017 | Rekha and Ramaprasad [67] | High-end webcam | — | | | — | Image |
| | 2017 | Samet and Tanriverdi [116] | Camera of a smartphone (captured class image by educator) | 1 | — | — | — | Image |
| | 2017 | Saxena et al. [81] | High-resolution camera | 1 | — | — | — | Image |
| | 2017 | Soniya et al. [51] | FRONTECH/camera with CMOS image sensor | 1 | 300 kilopixels | — | 15-25 | — |
| | 2017 | Surekha et al. [53] | Nikon/DSLR 3100 with CMOS image sensor | 1 | — | Dependent on the size of the face detected in an image or video frame | 30 | (i) Image (controlled environment)
(ii) Capture frame of video (uncontrolled environment) |
| | 2017 | Yuvaraj et al. [57] | Camera | 6 | — | | — | Capture frame of video |
| | 2017 | Zaman et al. [36] | Webcam | 1 | — | — | — | Image |
| | 2018 | Bhattacharya et al. [52] | 15 MP camera | 1 | — | — | — | Capture frame of video |
| | 2018 | Islam et al. [61] | Kinect camera | 1 | — | — | — | Capture frame of video |
| | 2018 | Salim et al. [46] | Raspberry Pi/Raspberry Pi camera | 1 | — | | — | Capture frame of video |
| | 2018 | Yusof et al. [62] | 5 MP camera | 1 | | | — | Capture frame of video |
| | 2019 | Agarwal et al. [123] | Camera | 1 | — | — | 30-60 | Capture frame of video |
| | 2019 | Sarkar et al. [63] | Nikon/DSLR 5200 with CMOS image sensor | 1 | — | | 50 | Capture frame of video |
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