Biometric-Based Attendance Tracking System for Education Sectors: A Literature Survey on Hardware Requirements

Table 8

A comparison of the performance of various wireless technologies.

Performances/characteristics	Wi-Fi	ZigBee	GSM
Data rate	54 Mb/s	250 Kb/s	171.2 Kb/s
Frequency band	2.4 GHz; 5 GHz	868 MHz, 915 MHz, and 2.4 GHz	850/900 MHz and 1800/1900 MHz
Coverage range	100 m	100 m	35 km
Power consumption	High	Very low	High
Security	High	Low	Low
Chipset cost (based on the chipset of wireless modules in Table 7)	$3-$7	$2-$7	$20-$26
Biometric modalities for attendance systems	Fingerprint [17, 42–44]; face [81]	Fingerprint [58, 75, 79, 88]	Fingerprint [47, 48, 115]; face [60]