Effects on Local Temperature and Energy of Oasis City Expansion in Arid Area of Northwest China

Table 3

The Pearson correlation coefficient (), index of agreement (), mean bias error (Bias), and root mean square error (RMSE) between the simulated and observed for winter (DJF), spring (MAM), summer (JJA), and fall (SON) in 1978, 1993, and 2004.

Year				Bias (°C)	RMSE (°C)	S/U
1978	Spring	0.95	0.97	-0.562	2.46	21%
	Summer	0.67	0.82	-0.046	2.27	32%
	Autumn	0.98	0.99	0.2286	1.84	23%
	Winter	0.96	0.97	0.7246	1.94	25%
1993	Spring	0.92	0.95	-1.1652	3.14	24%
	Summer	0.86	0.90	-0.8438	1.8	29%
	Autumn	0.95	0.97	0.3199	3.25	21%
	Winter	0.66	0.74	2.216	5.04	26%
2004	Spring	0.98	0.98	-1.608	2.38	31%
	Summer	0.91	0.94	-0.903	1.98	28%
	Autumn	0.97	0.97	-0.0811	2.75	11%
	Winter	0.92	0.95	1.2073	2.98	25%

S/U means proportions of systematic and unsystematic errors.