Performance of Tightly Coupled Integration of GPS/BDS/MEMS-INS/Odometer for Real-Time High-Precision Vehicle Positioning in Urban Degraded and Denied Environment

<table class="table-group" id="tab5"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Scene</td><td class="align_center">Open environment</td><td class="align_center">High-rise streets</td><td class="align_center">Wooded streets</td><td class="align_center">Overpass</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">GC</td><td class="align_center">100%</td><td class="align_center">86.43%</td><td class="align_center">37.14%</td><td class="align_center">—</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">GCIO</td><td class="align_center">100%</td><td class="align_center">100%</td><td class="align_center">92.08%</td><td class="align_center">—</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="5"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>AR empirical success rate of GPS/BDS/INS/Odometer in open environment, high-rise streets, wooded streets, and overpass in RTK mode.</div>

Journal of Sensors

tab5

Table 5

Table 5: Performance of Tightly Coupled Integration of GPS/BDS/MEMS-INS/Odometer for Real-Time High-Precision Vehicle Positioning in Urban Degraded and Denied Environment 

Table 5 | Performance of Tightly Coupled Integration of GPS/BDS/MEMS-INS/Odometer for Real-Time High-Precision Vehicle Positioning in Urban Degraded and Denied Environment 