Energy-Spectral Efficiency Optimization in Wireless Underground Sensor Networks Using Salp Swarm Algorithm

<table class="table-group" id="tab3"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Scheme</td><td class="align_center">Max</td><td class="align_center">Min</td><td class="align_center">Std</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 99.9529ptpx;"><svg height="9.65783pt" id="M408" style="vertical-align:-0.3499298pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 99.9529 9.65783" width="99.9529pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M861 0V28C774 35 771 41 768 147L759 509C756 612 762 614 851 622V650H681L449 149L221 650H57V622C148 613 153 609 144 479L130 271C123 166 117 123 111 88C104 46 85 34 26 28V0H259V28C192 35 169 42 167 90C166 130 166 173 170 256L185 541H187L411 7H431L675 555H679L683 147C683 41 680 35 598 28V0H861Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.244,0)"><path d="M380 106C343 72 306 56 265 56C195 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18ZM212 316V563C212 591 215 602 223 607C231 613 248 617 277 617C352 617 423 577 423 469C423 415 407 375 368 345C343 324 310 316 260 316H212Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,13.412,3.132)"><path d="M517 162C503 123 484 88 467 68C445 42 417 34 341 34C291 34 256 34 237 47C219 59 213 81 213 128V317H308C395 317 402 311 415 240H444V431H415C403 364 398 356 307 356H213V584C213 613 215 616 246 616H322C394 616 421 609 435 587C448 566 458 544 467 502L496 506C493 557 488 625 488 650H42V622C120 616 128 612 128 523V125C128 43 120 35 29 28V0H511C520 31 540 125 546 158L517 162Z"></path></g></svg> using SSA-based optimization (Mbits/joule)</td><td class="align_center">778.6842</td><td class="align_center">4.6895</td><td class="align_center">87.1813</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 94.6811ptpx;"><svg height="8.69875pt" id="M410" style="vertical-align:-0.3499298pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.34882 94.6811 8.69875" width="94.6811pt" 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colspan="5"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

Journal of Sensors

tab3

Table 3

Table 3: Energy-Spectral Efficiency Optimization in Wireless Underground Sensor Networks Using Salp Swarm Algorithm 