Noncontact Heart Rate Measurement Using a Webcam, Based on Joint Blind Source Separation and a Skin Reflection Model: For a Wide Range of Imaging Conditions

Table 4

Performance of four methods on the dataset from a previous study in our laboratory (dark-skinned tone).

Condition	Metric	JBSS_EEMD	POS	Project_ICA	Proposed method
Stationary	MAD (bpm)	9.74	4.24	4.58	6.76
	RMSE (bpm)	12.77	6.52	6.71	10.01
		0.07	0.76	0.74	0.70
Exercise recovery	MAD (bpm)	18.44	20.49	16.72	19.35
	RMSE (bpm)	22.26	27.32	24.34	23.42
		-0.01	-0.03	0.27	0.28
Swinging head	MAD (bpm)	15.73	8.61	8.55	7.26
	RMSE (bpm)	19.31	11.84	11.92	9.72
		0.44	0.52	0.51	0.61
Human-computer interaction	MAD (bpm)	10.30	6.52	6.51	6.86
	RMSE (bpm)	13.32	9.56	9.39	10.67
		0.04	0.58	0.58	0.47