Noncontact Heart Rate Measurement Using a Webcam, Based on Joint Blind Source Separation and a Skin Reflection Model: For a Wide Range of Imaging Conditions
Table 5
Performance of the four methods on the Public Benchmark Dataset (light-skinned tone).
Conditions
Metrics
JBSS_EEMD
POS
Project_ICA
Proposed method
P1LC1
MAD (bpm)
2.91
31.40
16.92
3.55
RMSE (bpm)
3.37
42.13
29.29
4.41
0.33
0.86
0.03
0.27
P1LC2
MAD (bpm)
15.40
86.14
87.07
4.25
RMSE (bpm)
16.77
86.33
87.07
5.35
-0.39
-0.06
0.02
0.25
P1LC3
MAD (bpm)
22.76
59.09
27.33
15.18
RMSE (bpm)
24.13
68.22
32.85
17.26
-0.17
-0.93
0.16
0.51
P1LC4
MAD (bpm)
5.31
13.24
10.33
5.75
RMSE (bpm)
7.35
14.41
12.09
7.00
0.04
0.07
-0.06
0.11
P1LC5
MAD (bpm)
2.96
15.33
2.81
2.94
RMSE (bpm)
3.75
16.63
3.39
3.58
-0.40
-0.40
0.17
0.23
P1LC6
MAD (bpm)
10.28
6.46
7.73
7.67
RMSE (bpm)
12.81
7.92
12.91
9.66
0.40
-0.39
-0.28
0.07
P1LC7
MAD (bpm)
15.65
88.06
69.18
17.58
RMSE (bpm)
17.58
88.08
75.96
18.22
0.14
-0.02
-0.60
0.21
P1H1
MAD (bpm)
22.17
9.55
8.93
9.26
RMSE (bpm)
29.87
10.31
9.76
9.45
-0.74
0.87
0.88
0.88
P1M1
MAD (bpm)
17.92
8.61
8.87
5.21
RMSE (bpm)
11.01
10.44
10.79
7.00
-0.14
0.07
-0.20
0.36
P1M2
MAD (bpm)
1.08
2.55
2.09
1.35
RMSE (bpm)
1.48
3.10
2.46
1.64
-0.32
-0.48
-0.13
0.06
P1M3
MAD (bpm)
28.62
28.54
28.52
29.12
RMSE (bpm)
28.63
28.55
28.52
29.15
-0.24
-0.21
-0.24
-0.49
Notes: in this and the following table, the conditions are coded as follows: LC1–LC7 refer to the 7 levels of illumination intensities, P1–P3 are the 3 subjects, M1–M3 are head movement rates, and H refers to recordings made immediately after exercise with falling heart rate. (Full details are listed in Table 2.)
