Raman and Fluorescence Spectroscopy of CeO₂, Er₂O₃, Nd₂O₃, Tm₂O₃, Yb₂O₃, La₂O₃, and Tb₄O₇

Figure 11

Fluorescence emission spectra for Tm₂O₃ with (a) 442 nm excitation, (b) 514 nm excitation, and (c) 633 nm excitation. Raman bands, being Raman shifts, appear at different wavelengths in the emission spectra.