Research Article

The Synergistic Antiwear Performances of Organic Titanium Compounds Containing Sulfur with Borate Ester Additive

Table 3

Binding energy of elements on the worn surface and the main compounds.

CompoundsBinding energy, eV
B1sN1sO1sFe2pS2pTi2p

Tribostressed sample
+0.5% BNO + 1.0% TiDDC190.3400.1529.9710.8160.7458.5

Reference compounds
N-containing compounds399.8
FeS710.8161.6
Fe2O3529.6710.9
TiO2529.7458.3