The Vibrational Spectroscopy of the Valence Bonds of Cu-Doped TiO<sub>2</sub> Using Electronegativity Principle Quantitative Calculations

<div>XRD patterns of the Cu-doped TiO<sub>2</sub> samples with different doping concentrations at calcination temperature (550°C).</div>

Journal of Spectroscopy

Figure 3: The Vibrational Spectroscopy of the Valence Bonds of Cu-Doped TiO<sub>2</sub> Using Electronegativity Principle Quantitative Calculations 