Research Article
Analysis of Carbon Contents and Heavy Metals in Coal Samples Using Calibration-free LIBS Technique
Table 2
Quantitative analysis of major elements in coal samples collected from coal mining sites across Pakistan and one Chinese sample.
| The concentration of major elements in coal samples (g/kg) | Elements | Chinese | Lakhra | Duki | Makerwal | Thar |
| Al | 5.3 ± 0.2 | 14 ± 1.1 | 4.3 ± 0.2 | 9.1 ± 0.4 | 15 ± 0.7 | C | 718 ± 23 | 665 ± 17 | 701 ± 22 | 642 ± 21 | 644 ± 27 | Ca | 42 ± 1.4 | 44 ± 2.1 | 13 ± 0.3 | 41 ± 1.3 | 37 ± 1.2 | H | 34 ± 1.2 | 49 ± 2.1 | 42 ± 1.2 | 35 ± 1.1 | 52 ± 1.4 | N | 7.2 ± 0.2 | 20 ± 1 | 12 ± 0.2 | 11 ± 0.3 | 13 ± 1.1 | O | 188 ± 6 | 193 ± 6 | 225 ± 9 | 194 ± 6 | 222 ± 7 | S | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 7.3 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 52 ± 2.1 | 5.2 ± 0.2 | Si | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 5.4 ± 0.2 | 7.1 ± 0.4 |
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