Journal of Spectroscopy / 2022 / Article / Tab 3 / Research Article
Simple Determination of Gemifloxacin Levels in Human Plasma using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Table 3 Comparison of some of the previously reported and current methods for the determination of gemifloxacin in the study groups stratified by the analytical technique.
Method Matrix Internal standard Sample volume (μ L) Sample preparation Linearity range (μ g/mL) Run time (minute) Application Reference Capillary electrophoresis Elbashir 2008 Solution Flumequine NA Filtration + dilution 5–50 NR In vitro [17 ] Spectrofluorimetry Kepekci Tekkeli 2011 Human plasma None 100 DEV + LLE 0.04–0.2 NR In vitro [18 ] 0.1–1.2 LC/UV Sultana 2011 Human serum None 1000 PPT + filtration 5–100 6 In vitro [19 ] LC/UV (PDA) Nageswara Rao 2011 Solution None NA Dilution + filtration 0.1–200 15 In vitro [20 ] LC/UV (DAD) Gumustas 2012 Solution Granisetron NA Filtration + dilution 0.25–20 <5 In vitro [21 ] LC/UV Mousavi 2018 Human plasma Chloramphenicol 1500 PPT + Evaporation 0.003–5 18 320 mg single oral study [22 ] LC/FD Nageswara Rao 2012 Rat dried blood spots Ciprofloxacin 30 Sonication in solution 0.025–5 10 20 mg/kg single oral experiment [23 ] LC/FD Onal 2021 Solution None 100 DEV 0.01–0.2 6 In vitro [24 ] LC-MS/MS (current) Human plasma Moxifloxacin 100 PPT (5 min.) 0.005–5 3 320 mg single oral study THIS WORK LC-MS/MS Doyle 2000 Human plasma [13 C2 H3 ] Gemifloxacin 50 PPT (appx. 1 hour) 0.01–5 1.5 320 mg single oral study [25 ] LC-MS/MS Roy 2010 Rat tissue homogenate serum Ciprofloxacin 0.3 g LLE 0.25–20 ng/mL 12.5 200 mg/kg single oral experiment [26 ] 200 0.125–5 ng/mL 0.075–5 ng/mL LC-MS/MS Kadi 2013 Human urine Ofloxacin 3000 Filtration + dilution 0.005–0.5 4 320 mg single oral study [27 ]
LC/UV, liquid chromatography with spectrophotometric detection; PDA, photodiode array detector; DAD, diode array detector; LC/FD, liquid chromatography methods with spectrofluorometric detection (LC/FD); LC-MS/MS, high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; NA, not applicable; NR, not reported; DEV, derivatization; LLE, liquid–liquid extraction; PPT, protein precipitation.
