Research Article

Clinical, Biochemical, and ATR-FTIR Spectroscopic Parameters Associated with Death or Survival in Patients with Severe COVID-19

Table 2

Comorbidities, blood type, symptoms, vital signs, and ponderal state.

COVID-19 n (%)Survival rate (%)Dead rate (%), X2

Comorbidities
 Smoking18 (17.5)12/86 (14)6/17 (35.3)0.045, 4.482
 Hypertension31 (30.1)24/86 (27.9)7/17 (41.2)0.209, 1.188
 Overweight47 (45.6)41/86 (47.7)6/17 (35.3)0.037, 6.589
 Obesity32 (31.1)29/86 (33.7)3/17 (17.6)
 Diabetes33 (32)26/86 (30.2)7/17 (41.2)0.27, 0.781
 Others (HIV, asthma, cancer, Parkinson, infertility)6 (5.8)3/86 (3.5)3/17 (17.6)0.055, 5.187
Blood type
 A+16 (18.2)10 (14.1)6 (35.3)0.188, 4.782
 B+2 (2.3)2 (2.8)0 (0)
 O−2 (2.3)2 (2.8)0 (0)
 O+68 (77.3)57 (80.3)11 (64.7)
Symptoms
 Cough72 (69.9)60/86 (69.8)12/17 (70.6)0.597, 0.005
 Fever56 (54.4)50/86 (58.1)6/17 (35.3)0.072, 2.986
 Pharyngeal pain33 (32)26/86 (30.2)7/17 (41.2)0.27, 0.781
 Dyspnea75 (72.8)64/86 (74.4)11/17 (64.7)0.293, 0.676
 Headache44 (42.7)38/86 (44.2)6/17 (35.3)0.345, 0.459
 Emesis6 (5.8)5/86 (5.8)1/17 (5.9)0.671, 0.0001
 Sputum38 (36.9)28/86 (32.6)10/17 (58.8)0.04, 4.206
 Arthralgias41 (39.8)36/86 (41.9)5/17 (29.4)0.249, 0.918
 Myalgias46 (44.7)40/86 (46.5)6/17 (35.3)0.282, 0.723
Vital signs and ponderal state
 SaO2 (%)93 (91, 95)93 (91, 95)93 (89, 96)0.523
 PaO2/FiO2242 (194, 332)263 (190, 358)219 (196, 233)0.002
 Heart rate (beats per minute)80 ± 1680 ± 1679 ± 190.82
 Respiratory rate (breaths per minute)20 (19, 20)19 (19, 20)21 (20, 23)0.011
 Systolic (mmHg)121 ± 21120 ± 19129 ± 300.127
 Diastolic (mmHg)73 ± 1273 ± 1273 ± 140.924
 Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)89 ± 1588 ± 1492 ± 180.424
 BMI (kg/m2)28.5 ± 4.528.8 ± 4.326.9 ± 5.50.126

The bold values refer to statistical significance in each group.