Sulfurous Gases As Biological Messengers and Toxins: Comparative Genetics of Their Metabolism in Model Organisms

Table 1

Effects of H₂S.

Cause	Effect
Vasodilator	H2S like NO and CO, causes the opening the potassium adenosine triphosphate (KATP) channels [37]
Apoptosis modulator	Via the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway [41]
Protection against oxidative stress	Increases GSH synthesis and recovery of cysteine transport [24, 42, 43]. Scavenging of hydroxyl, oxygen and nitric oxide free radicals and reduces the accumulation of lipid peroxidation [44–46]
Neuromodulator	Enhances activity of N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor and activates calcium channels, which regulates synaptic transmission in neurons [4]