The Redox System in C. elegans, a Phylogenetic Approach

Table 3

Characterised protein disulfide isomerase and their C. elegans orthologs.

PDI homolog	Known functions	C. elegans ortholog; (paralogs)
AGR2	Unknown	None
AGR3	Unknown	None
ERp27	Unknown	(C30H6.8, C35B1.5,
DNAjc10	ER-associated protein degradation [70]	F47B7.2, Y52E8A.3)
ERp29	Specialist ‘‘escort’’ chaperone [71]; Thyroglobulin processing [72]	None
ERp46	Some P4HB functional redundancy; Protective role against hypoxia [70]	(W01B11.6, Y55F3AR.2)
ERp44	Possible role in late-stage oligomerization reactions; Possible role in late-stage, thiol-dependent, protein quality-control system or trafficking [70]	C06A6.5, C30H7.2
P4HB	Thiol-disulfide exchange catalysis; Role in protein folding; Beta subunit of P4H complex [70]	PDI-2, PDI-1
PDIA2	Expressed in pancreas and brain [73, 74]; Thiol-disulfide exchange catalysis similar to P4HB; Specific function still unclear	None
PDIA3	Involved in MHC class I folding as part of MHC I peptide-loading complex [75]; Oxidative folding of glycoproteins	PDI-3
PDIA4	Thiol-disulfide exchange catalysis similar to P4HB; Some PDIA3 redundancy; Can form part of a complex with P4HB, PDIA6, ERdj3, BiP, CypB, HSP40, GRP94, GRP170, UDP glucosyltransferase, and SDF2-L1 [76]	C14B9.2
PDIA5	Unknown	(F35G2.1, T10H10.2)
PDIA6	Likely catalyze thiol-disulfide exchange similar to P4HB; Likely role in protein folding	TAG-320, Y49E10.4
PDILT	Unknown	None
TMX1	ER transmembrane PDI; Unknown function	DPY-11
TMX2	ER transmembrane PDI; Unknown function	None
TMX3	ER transmembrane PDI; Protein dithiol-disulfide oxidant	ZK973.11
TMX4	ER transmembrane PDI; Unknown function	None
TXNDC12	Unknown	Y57A10A.23

Italic rowsare human proteins that share the same C. elegans paralogs.