Journal of Toxicology

Review Article

Towards Therapeutic Applications of Arthropod Venom K+-Channel Blockers in CNS Neurologic Diseases Involving Memory Acquisition and Storage

Table 1

Distribution of different types of K⁺ channels in hippocampus.


Channels	Hippocampus			Employed technique	Ref.
Channels	CA1	CA3	DG	Employed technique	Ref.

K_v1.1	++	+++	+++	ISH, IMH, IMC, and CIMP in hippocampus or brain of rat, mouse, or gerbil.	[37–39]
K_v1.2	+	+	++		[37–39]
K_v1.3	−	−	−	IMH in gerbil hippocampus.	[39]
K_v1.4	++	++	++	ISH, IMH, and IMC in hippocampus or brain of rat, mouse or gerbil.	[20, 38, 39]
K_v1.5	+	+	−	IMH or single-cell RT-PCR in gerbil or rat hippocampus.	[39, 40]
K_v1.6	++	+++	+++	IMH in gerbil hippocampus.	[39]
K_v2.1	++	++		Single-cell RT-PCR in rat hippocampus.	[17]
K_v3.1	++	+++	+++	Northern blot analysis and ISH in rat brain.
K_v3.2	+++	++	−		[17]
K_v3.3	+	+	++
K_v3.4	−	−	++
K_v4.1	+	+	++	ISH in rat brain.	[18]
K_v4.2	+++	++	+++	ISH or IMH in rat or mouse brain.	[18, 41, 42]
K_v4.3	+	++	+++	ISH in rat brain.	[18, 42]
K_v7.2	+++	+++	+++	ISH and IMH in rat brain
K_v7.3	+++	+++	+++	ISH and IMH in rat brain
K_v10.1	++	+++	++	ISH, real time PCR, or IMH in rat brain.	[19, 43]
K_v10.2	−	−	−	ISH and IMH in rat brain.
K_v11.1	++	−	−
K_v11.2	−	−	−		[19]
K_v11.3	+++	−	−
K_v12.1	+	−	+
K_v12.2	++	−	++
K_Ca1.1	+++	+++	+++	ISH, WB analysis, IMH, IMF, IMC, or RLB in mouse or rat brain.	[21, 22, 44]
K_Ca2.1	++	+++	++	ISH, IB analysis, IMH, or RLB in rat brain.	[23, 24]
K_Ca2.2	+++	+++	+	ISH, IB analysis, IMH, or RLB in rat brain.	[23–25]
K_Ca2.3	+	++	+	ISH, IB analysis, IMH, or RLB in rat brain.	[23–25]
K_2P1.1	−	++	++	ISH in rat and mouse brain.
K_2P2.1	++	+	+++	ISH, WB analysis, IMH, IMF, or IMC in rat or mouse brain.	[31]
K_2P3.1	++	++	++	ISH in rat and mouse brain.
K_2P4.1	++	+++	+		[31]
K_2P9.1	++	++	+++
K_2P10.1	−	++	+
K_ir2.1	+	+	+++	ISH or IMH in mouse or rat brain.	[26–28]
K_ir2.2	++	+	++	ISH in mouse or rat brain.	[26, 27]
K_ir2.3	++	+	+++	ISH in mouse or rat brain.	[26, 27]
K_ir3.1	+++	++	+++	ISH or IMH in rat brain.	[27, 28]
K_ir3.2	+++	+++	+++	ISH or IMH in rat brain.	[27, 45]
K_ir3.3	+++	+++	+++	ISH in rat brain	[27]
K_ir3.4	+	++	+	WB analysis, IMH or ISH in rat or mouse brain.	[27, 45–47]
K_ir6.2	++	++	++	ISH, IMH, or IMF in rat or mouse brain.	[29, 48, 49]

The symbols indicate signal intensity as follows: − (not detected); + (weak); ++ (moderate); +++ (high); CA1, CA3, and DG (Dentate gyrus) are regions of hippocampal formation; Ref.: reference; RT-PCR means reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; ISH is used for in situ hybridization; IMH for immunohistochemistry; IMC for immunocytochemistry; CIMP for coimmunoprecipitation; IMF for immunofluorescence; WB for western blot; IB for immune blot; RLB for radioligand binding.