Ecological Risk Assessment of Metal Pollution along Greater Cairo Sector of the River Nile, Egypt, Using Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, as Bioindicator
Table 2
Metal pollution index (MPI) of total trace metals in vital organs of O. niloticus.
MPI
Site 1 (G)
Site 2 (M)
Site 3 (I)
Site 4 (K)
Seasonal mean
Muscle
Winter
1.34
2.45
1.29
1.59
1.67
Spring
5.85
3.14
2.59
2.47
3.51
Summer
1.87
2.11
1.38
2.17
1.88
Autumn
2.10
1.76
2.26
1.48
1.90
Annual mean
2.79
2.37
1.88
1.93
2.24#
Liver
Winter
20.62
21.69
25.40
11.02
19.68
Spring
52.05
16.36
13.51
17.78
24.93
Summer
16.03
27.41
14.47
32.73
22.66
Autumn
23.75
19.38
25.00
18.82
21.74
Annual mean
28.11
21.21
19.59
20.09
22.25#
Kidney
Winter
31.82
38.39
16.90
17.59
26.17
Spring
82.11
38.00
37.74
32.76
47.66
Summer
42.89
23.15
11.11
25.19
25.59
Autumn
22.54
24.01
23.66
35.95
26.54
Annual mean
44.84
30.89
22.35
27.87
31.49#
Gill
Winter
10.15
11.70
4.95
7.15
8.48
Spring
10.83
13.74
8.37
8.77
10.43
Summer
5.96
7.63
5.49
7.49
6.64
Autumn
9.59
6.10
10.49
7.11
8.32
Annual mean
9.13
9.79
7.32
7.63
8.47#
G, Giza; M, Manyal; I, Imbaba; and K, Kanater. #The mean of all measurements for each organ.
