Microbiological Quality and Risk Assessment for Aflatoxins in Groundnuts and Roasted Cashew Nuts Meant for Human Consumption

Table 8

Risk Assessment due to consumption of cashew nuts from Lagos State, Nigeria.

Location	Mean aflatoxin; (ngg^−1)	PDI; (ngkg^−1bwday^−1)	Margin of exposure; (MOE)	Population risk for primary liver cancer (canceryear^−1100,000^−1 population)
“Lakowe”	6.8	0.24	708.33	0.01
“Obalende”	5.8	0.20	850.00	0.01
“Ikota”	5.4	0.19	894.73	0.01
“Ikeja”	0.	0.00	0.00	0.00
“Badagry”	6.	0.22	772.72	0.01
Mean	4.9	0.17	1000	0.01

Values with different superscripts along the same column are significantly different at . Probable Daily Intake (PDI) calculated by multiplying the aflatoxin concentration in cashew nuts by consumption rates of cashew nuts in Nigeria (2.08 g/person/day) as estimated by WHO 2008 and divided by assumed body weight for Nigerian adults (60 kg). Margin of exposure (MOE) calculated by dividing the benchmark dose lower limit (BMDL) for aflatoxins by AFB₁ exposure. ³Population risk for primary liver cancer = exposure × average potency (0.04944). Mean of aflatoxin concentration.