Protective Effect of Phaleria macrocarpa Water Extract (Proliverenol) against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats: Role of TNF-α and TGF-β1

Figure 3

(a) Liver MDA levels of normal control, CCl₄, CCl₄₊NAC150, CCl₄₊T50, CCl₄₊T100, and CCl₄₊T150 groups. Data represent the means ± SD (n=5). N: normal, CCl₄: carbon tetrachloride, NAC: N-acetylcysteine 150 mg/kg body weight/day, and T50, T100, and T150: Proliverenol 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg body weight/day. A = p < 0.05 vs. N, B = p < 0.05 vs. CCl₄ (α=0.05). (b) Ratio GSH/GSSG of normal control, CCl₄, CCl₄₊NAC150, CCl₄₊T50, CCl₄₊T100, and CCl₄₊T150 groups. Data represent the means ± SD (n=5). N: normal, CCl₄: carbon tetrachloride, NAC: N-acetylcysteine 150 mg/kg body weight/day, and T50, T100, and T150: Proliverenol 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg body weight/day. A = p < 0.05 vs. N, B = p < 0.05 vs. CCl₄ (α=0.05).

(a)

(b)