Effect of Essential Oils from Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Rhizomes on Some Inflammatory Biomarkers in Cadmium Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats

Figure 3

Effect of essential oil from ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) on Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) level in cadmium-induced neuroinflammation in rats. Data represent the mean ± SEM of a group of eight rats ( < 0.01, < 0.001 vs Control; ^##P < 0.01vs Cd Induced). Key: Control: received normal saline + vehicle. Tur Oil: received normal saline + turmeric essential oil (50 mg/kg). Ging Oil: received normal saline + ginger essential oil (50 mg/kg). Cd Induced: received Cd + vehicle. Tur Oil + Cd: received Cd + turmeric essential oil (50 mg/kg). Ging Oil + Cd: received Cd + ginger essential oil (50 mg/kg).