The Pesticide Exposure of People Living in Agricultural Community, Northern Thailand
Table 4
Presence of urinary biomarkers of organophosphate pesticides exposure, by study group.
Groups
Urinary biomarkers
Detection (%)
Mean ±SD
Geometric mean
Nonfarm workers
DMP
5.3
19.5±22.1
11.67
DMTP
36.8
3.39±3.9
1.8
DMDTP
10.5
0.59±0.40
0.48
DEP
97.4
2.23±1.8
1.41
DETP
92.1
1.89±2.51
1.08
DEDTP
34.2
1.02±1.7
0.63
∑DMs
39.5
5.92±8.9
2.76
∑DEs
100
4.26±4.05
3.04
∑DAPs
100
6.61±7.56
4.19
Rice grower
DMP
15.8
16.1±9.82
12.3
DMTP
15.8
9.16±14.7
2.87
DMDTP
7.9
3.24±5.32
0.64
DEP
94.7
3.84±4.1
2.53
DETP
97.4
1.82±1.9
1.23
DEDTP
31.6
0.71±0.64
0.53
∑DMs
28.9
14.7±14.
8.2
∑DEs
100
5.64±5.29
3.91
∑DAPs
100
9.89±12.1
5.51
Longan grower
DMP
13.3
9.68±5.22
8.65
DMTP
16.7
1.44±0.7
1.32
DMDTP
0.0
DEP
93.3
7.74±11.
3.38
DETP
83.3
2.46±3.3
1.5
DEDTP
23.3
1.53±3.19
0.5
∑DMs
26.7
5.74±6.4
3.16
∑DEs
96.7
9.96±13.
4.93
∑DAP
96.7
11.5±13.
6.14
Vegetable grower
DMP
11.8
9.38±4.78
8.74
DMTP
11.8
24.8±2.6
24.7
DMDTP
5.9
0.61±
0.61
DEP
88.2
2.18±1.16
1.91
DETP
76.5
0.82±0.6
0.62
DEDTP
11.8
0.22±0.1
0.2
∑DMs
23.5
17.2±9.5
14.8
∑DEs
94.1
2.73±1.7
2.24
∑DAPs
94.1
7.03±8.99
4.91
Values followed by the same letters (a-k) in the same column are significantly different at p<0.05 by ANOVA after a log-normal transformation, GM: geometric mean, LOD: limit of detection, DMP: dimethyl phosphate, DMTP: dimethyl thiophosphate, DMDTP: dimethyl dithiophosphate, DEP: diethyl phosphate, DETP: diethyl thiophosphate, DEDTP: diethyl dithiophosphate, and 3-PBA: 3-phenoxybenzoic acid.
