Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy Depressed Mitosis and Induced Chromosome Aberration in Onion Root Cells

Table 5

Mean values of chromosome aberrations observed after acute exposure of A. cepa root tip cells to DHAP.

Concentration of DHAP (μg/ml)	12h											24h
	S	C-M	Br	M	F	BN	MCN	AC	TCC	DC	CA (%)	S	C-M	Br	M	F	B	MCN	AC	TCC	DC	CA (%)
Control	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	41.6	0.00	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	632	33	0.00
0.25	0.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.2	598	23.4	0.85	0	0	0	0	0.2	0.2	0	0.4	601	32	1.2
0.5	0	0	0.2	0	0.8	0	0	1.0	607	13.0	7.6	0	0	0	0	0.6	0.2	0	0.8	605	17.8	4.4
1	0	0	0.6	0	0.6	0.2	0	1.4	655	14.6	9.5	0	0	2	0	0.6	0.4	0	3.0	629	19.2	15.
Mean	0.1	0	0.3	0	0.5	0.1	0	0.9	643	23.2	4.53	0	0	0.5	0	0.35	0.2	0	1.1	617	25.5	5.3
SD	0.1	0	0.3	0	0.4	0.1	0	0.7	51.5	13.1	4.82	0	0	1	0	0.3	0.2	0	1.34	16	8.11	7.1

Note: sticky (S), C-mitosis (CM), bridge (Br), fragment (F), binuclei (BN), micronuclei (MCN), aberrant cells (AC), total cells counted (TCC), dividing cells (DC), chromosome aberration (CA), hour (h), and standard deviation (SD). One-way ANOVA analysed by Bonferroni multiple comparisons. CA (%) marked with asterisks are significantly different from the negative control (= p<0.05; = p<0.01;= p<0.001).