Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy Depressed Mitosis and Induced Chromosome Aberration in Onion Root Cells

Table 6

Mean values of chromosome aberrations observed after long term acute and chronic exposure of A. cepa root tip cells to DHAP.

Concentration of DHAP (μg/ml)	48h (Acute)											48h (Chronic)
	S	C-M	Br	M	F	BN	MCN	AC	TCC	DC	CA (%)	S	C-M	Br	M	F	B	MCN	AC	TCC	DC	CA (%)
Control	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	656	23.8	0.00	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	667	25.4	0.00
0.25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	646	42.4	0.00	0	0	0.6	0	1	0	0	1.6	610	21.2	7.5
0.5	0	0	0.6	0	0	0	0	0.6	651	36.8	1.6	0	0	1.4	0	0.4	0	1	2.8	626	17.2	16.
1	0	0	0.2	0	0.6	0	0	0.8	648	31.0	2.5	0	0	0.4	0	3.6	0	0.2	4.2	638	9.6	43.
Mean	0	0	0.2	0	0.2	0	0	0.35	650	33.5	1.05	0	0	0.6	0	1.3	0	0.3	2.15	635	18.4	16.9
SD	0	0	0.3	0	0.3	0	0	0.41	4.34	7.97	1.28	0	0	0.6	0	1.6	0	0.48	1.78	24.1	6.73	19.1

Note: sticky (S), C-mitosis (CM), bridge (Br), fragment (F), binuclei (BN), micronuclei (MCN), aberrant cells (AC), total cells counted (TCC), dividing cells (DC), chromosome aberration (CA), hour (h), and standard deviation (SD). One-way ANOVA analysed by Bonferroni multiple comparisons. CA (%) with different letters are significantly different from the negative control (= p<0.05; = p<0.01;= p<0.001).