A Toxicological Evaluation of a Standardized Hydrogenated Extract of Curcumin (CuroWhite™)

Table 5

Summary results of the definitive chromosomal aberration assay (treatment without and with S9-mix: 3 h, harvest: 18 h).

Test samples	Cytotoxicity test				Aberrations/100 cells					Number of cells with aberrations		% of cells with aberrations
	Relative cell growth (RCG)		Relative mitotic index (RMI)		Chromatid type		Chromosome type		Others
	RCG%	Cytotoxicity%	RMI%	Cytotoxicity%	Gap+	Gap−	Gap+	Gap−		Gap+	Gap−	Gap−
Without S9 activation
Negative control (DMSO, 0.1%)
Parallel Slide 1	100	0	100	0	2	1	0	0	0	1	1	1.0
Parallel Slide 2					0	1	0	1	0	0	2	2.0
Mean					1.0	1.0	0.0	0.5	0.0	0.5	1.5	1.5
Test item
Parallel Slide 1 (5 μg/mL)	95	5	72	28	1	2	0	0	0	1	2	2.0
Parallel Slide 2 (5 μg/mL)					0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1.0
Mean (5 μg/mL)					0.5	1.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.5	1.5	1.5
Parallel Slide 1 (10 μg/mL)	82	18	70	30	0	4	0	1	0	0	3	3.0
Parallel Slide 2 (10 μg/mL)					2	5	0	1	0	2	3	3.0
Mean (10 μg/mL)					1.0	4.5	0.0	1.0	0.0	1.0	3.0	3.0
Parallel Slide 1 (15 μg/mL)	66	34	56	44	0	11	0	3	0	0	6	6.0
Parallel Slide 2 (15 μg/mL)					4	9	0	1	0	3	3	3.0
Mean (15 μg/mL)					2.0	10.0	0.0	2.0	0.0	1.5	4.5	4.5
Positive control (mitomycin C)
Parallel Slide 1 (0.4 μg/mL)	40	60	84	16	1	15	0	5	1	1	19	19.0
Parallel Slide 2 (0.4 μg/mL)					0	18	0	0	0	0	18	18.0
Mean (0.4 μg/mL)					0.5	16.5	0.0	2.5	0.5	0.5	18.5	18.5
Parallel Slide 1 (0.8 μg/mL)	24	76	53	47	3	28	0	10	1	3	23	23.0
Parallel Slide 2 (0.8 μg/mL)					2	39	0	2	1	2	34	34.0
Mean (0.8 μg/mL)					2.5	33.5	0.0	6.0	1.0	2.5	28.5	28.5
With S9 activation
Negative control (DMSO, 0.1%)
Parallel Slide 1	100	0	100	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	2	2.0
Parallel Slide 2					1	1	0	0	0	1	1	1.0
Mean					0.5	1.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.5	1.5	1.5
Test item
Parallel Slide 1 (5 μg/mL)	86	14	70	30	0	2	0	0	0	0	1	1.0
Parallel Slide 2 (5 μg/mL)					4	1	0	1	0	1	1	1.0
Mean (5 μg/mL)					2.0	1.5	0.0	0.5	0.0	0.5	1.0	1.0
Parallel Slide 1 (10 μg/mL)	69	31	59	41	5	0	0	0	0	1	0	0.0
Parallel Slide 2 (10 μg/mL)					2	3	0	1	0	2	3	3.0
Mean (10 μg/mL)					3.5	1.5	0.0	0.5	0.0	1.5	1.5	1.5
Parallel Slide 1 (15 μg/mL)	53	47	56	44	1	8	0	1	0	1	7	7.0
Parallel Slide 2 (15 μg/mL)					4	10	0	5	0	3	5	5.0
Mean (15 μg/mL)					2.5	9.0	0.0	3.0	0.0	2.0	6.0	6.0
Positive control (cyclophosphamide)
Parallel Slide 1 (7.5 μg/mL)	44	56	28	72	2	38	0	8	1	2	33	33.0
Parallel Slide 2 (7.5 μg/mL)					1	23	0	6	2	1	19	19.0
Mean (7.5 μg/mL)					1.5	30.5	0.0	7.0	1.5	1.5	26.0	26.0
Parallel Slide 1 (15 μg/mL)	39	61	21	79	4	52	0	11	2	4	50	50.0
Parallel Slide 2 (15 μg/mL)					0	35	0	8	1	0	32	32.0
Mean (15 μg/mL)					2.0	43.5	0.0	9.5	1.5	2.0	41.0	41.0

DMSO: dimethylsulfoxide.