A Toxicological Evaluation of Mango Leaf Extract (Mangifera indica) Containing 60% Mangiferin

Table 3

Summary of chromosomal aberration test results.

Groups	Experiment A^1
	S9 Mix	Treatment	Harvest	Mean Aberrant Cells/150 cells		Number of Aberrations
		Time	Time	incl. gaps	excl. gaps	incl. gaps	excl. gaps
Test Item
156.3 μg/mL	–	3 h	20 h	9	4	9	4
312.5 μg/mL	–	3 h	20 h	8	4	8	4
625 μg/mL	–	3 h	20 h	13	8	23	14
Vehicle Control	–	3 h	20 h	7	3	7	3
Positive Control	–	3 h	20 h	37	31	56	37
Hist Veh Control^4	–	3 h	20 h	4.70–7.82	1.59–4.11	n/a	n/a
Test Item
156.3 μg/mL	+	3 h	20 h	7	5	8	5
312.5 μg/mL	+	3 h	20 h	15	7	23	12
625 μg/mL	+	3 h	20 h	18	10	24	15
Vehicle Control	+	3 h	20 h	7	3	8	4
Positive Control	+	3 h	20 h	41	36	67	48
Hist Veh Control^4	+	3 h	20 h	4.66–8.12	1.69–4.35	n/a	n/a
	Experiment B^2
Test Item
19.6 μg/mL	–	20 h	20 h	9	3	9	3
39.1 μg/mL	–	20 h	20 h	13	5	13	5
78.2 μg/mL	–	20 h	20 h	14	7	16	7
Vehicle Control	–	20 h	20 h	8	3	8	3
Positive Control	–	20 h	20 h	44	39	67	45
Hist Veh Control^4	–	20 h	20 h	4.44–7.90	1.60–4.27	n/a	n/a
	Experiment B^3
Test Item
19.6 μg/mL	–	20 h	28 h	8	3	8	3
39.1 μg/mL	–	20 h	28 h	12	5	14	6
78.2 μg/mL	–	20 h	28 h	18	7	19	7
Vehicle Control	–	20 h	28 h	6	3	7	3
Positive control	–	20 h	28 h	45	35	64	44
Hist Veh Control^4	–	20 h	28 h	4.31–7.77	1.59–4.11	n/a	n/a
Test Item
156.3 μg/mL	+	3 h	28 h	11	4	12	5
312.5 μg/mL	+	3 h	28 h	13	7	14	7
625 μg/mL	+	3 h	28 h	21	11	25	14
Vehicle Control	+	3 h	28 h	7	3	7	3
Positive Control	+	3 h	28 h	43	39	67	45
Hist Veh Control^4	+	3 h	28 h	4.96–7.56	1.92–4.12	n/a	n/a

Positive controls: (–S9): ethyl methanesulfonate (1.0 μL/mL); (+S9): cyclophosphamide (5.0 μg/mL)
²Positive control: (–S9): ethyl methanesulfonate (0.4 μL/mL)
³Positive controls: (–S9) ethyl methanesulfonate (0.4 μL/mL); (+S9): cyclophosphamide (5.0 μg/mL)
⁴Numbers reported are the 95% confidence interval
p < 0.05; p < 0.01, to the concurrent vehicle control and to the historical vehicle control
n/a: not applicable; Veh: vehicle; Hist: historical; incl: including; excl: excluding.