The Developmental Toxicity of Thymus schimperi Essential Oil in Rat Embryos and Fetuses
Table 3
In vivo development of the rat embryo following treatment with administration of essential oil extract of Thymus schimperi: day 12 experiment.
Morphological endpoint
G-I (pair-fed control)
G-II (ad libitum)
G-III (EOT 65 mg/kg)
G-IV (EOT 130 mg/kg)
G-V (EOT 260 mg/kg)
Number of fetus/group
120
116
109
106
98
Yolk sac circulation
3.8 ± 0.51
3.7 ± 0.50
3.60 ± 0.49
3.62 ± 0.50
3.66 ± 0.51
Flexion
2.8 ± 0.33
2.6 ± 0.30
2.7 ± 0.32
2.5 ± 0.31
2.7 ± 0.32
Heart
3.6 ± 0.51
3.6 ± 0.50
3.5 ± 0.49
3.5 ± 0.49
3.6 ± 0.50
Caudal neural tube
4 ± 0.00
4 ± 0.00
4 ± 0.00
4 ± 0.00
4 ± 0.00
Hind brain
3.6 ± 0.50
3.6 ± 0.50
3.5 ± 0.48
3.5 ± 0.48
3.5 ± 0.48
Mid brain
3.56 ± 0.50
3.6 ± 0.50
3.5 ± 0.49
3.4 ± 0.47
3.4 ± 0.47
Fore brain
3.7 ± 0.47
3.7 ± 0.47
3.7 ± 0.47
3.6 ± 0.46
3.6 ± 0.45
Otic system
3.6 ± 0.51
3.5 ± 0.50
3.4 ± 0.55
3.1 ± 0.41b
3.0 ± 0.40b
Optic system
3.60 ± 0.50
3.6 ± 0.50
3.5 ± 0.47
3.4 ± 0.46
3.5 ± 0.47
Olfactory system
0.9 ± 0.70
0.8 ± 0.62
0.8 ± 0.62
0.7 ± 0.60b
0.5 ± 0.42b
Branchial bars
3.6 ± 0.55
3.5 ± 0.52
3.4 ± 0.50
3.41 ± 0.57
2.9 ± 0.33b
Maxillary process
1.6 ± 0.54
1.5 ± 0.51
1.4 ± 0.49
1.3 ± 0.48
1.3 ± 0.48
Mandibular process
0.8 ± 0.52
0.7 ± 0.50
0.7 ± 0.50
0.6 ± 0.49
0.6 ± 0.49
Fore limb
2 ± 0.00
2 ± 0.00
2 ± 0.00
2 ± 0.00
2 ± 0.00
Hind limb
2 ± 0.00
2 ± 0.00
2 ± 0.00
2 ± 0.00
2 ± 0.00
Statistical differences between the groups were analyzed by duncan’s multiple range tests. Results are expressed as mean ± SDM. bMean significantly different from pair-fed and ad libitum control; the value is <0.05.
