Linking Measure of the Tropical Stingless Bee (Apidae, Meliponini, and Heterotrigona itama) Honey Quality with Hives Distance to the Source of Heavy Metal Pollution in Urban and Industrial Areas in Sabah, Borneo

Table 2

Mean concentrations of heavy metals in honey (SE) from five sites.

Sampling sites	Heavy metals in honey samples mean ± SE (mg/kg)
	As	Cd	Cr	Pb	Zn
Sipitang	0.008^c ± 0.001	0.002^b ± 0.000	0.003^bc ± 0.000	0.021^b ± 0.014	0.106^ab ± 0.013
Papar	0.007^c ± 0.002	0.001^ab ± 0.000	0.003^c ± 0.000	0.007^ab ± 0.001	0.073^ab ± 0.011
Kimanis	0.005^bc ± 0.001	0.002^b ± 0.000	0.002^b ± 0.000	0.018^ab ± 0.005	0.077^ab ± 0.013
Putatan	0.003^b ± 0.001	0.001^ab ± 0.000	0.001^ab ± 0.000	0.007^ab ± 0.003	0.059^a ± 0.024
Sandakan	<0.000^a ± 0.001	<0.000^a ± 0.000	0.002^a ± 0.000	0.005^a ± 0.000	0.134^b ± 0.013
Mean total	0.004 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.000	0.003 ± 0.000	0.012 ± 0.003	0.090 ± 0.014

Mean ± standard error (SE) values in the same column with different superscript letters are significantly different (P < 0.05). As, Arsenic; Cd, Cadmium; Cr, Chromium; Pb, Lead; Zn, Zinc.