Research Article
Role of Clinical Presentations and Routine CSF Analysis in the Rapid Diagnosis of Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Cases of Negative Gram Stained Smears
Table 2
Underlying and associated conditions in bacterial and nonbacterial meningitis groups in the studied population.
| | Clinical manifestations |
Group I () |
Group II () |
Total () | | | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % |
| | Fever | 401 | 87.8 | 144 | 86.7 | 545 | 87.5 | 0.8 | | Headache | 370 | 81.1 | 131 | 78.9 | 360 | 80.5 | 0.4 | | Vomiting | 222 | 48.6 | 71 | 42.8 | 293 | 47 | 0.9 | | Irritability | 134 | 29.3 | 43 | 25.9 | 177 | 28.4 | 0.3 | | Photophobia | 42 | 9.2 | 15 | 9.00 | 57 | 9.1 | 0.5 | | Neck rigidity | 328 | 71.8 | 107 | 64.5 | 3.09 | 69.8 | 0.5 | | Kernig’s sign | 187 | 40.9 | 54 | 32.5 | 241 | 38.7 | 0.03 | | Brudzinski’s sign | 193 | 42.2 | 52 | 31.3 | 245 | 39.3 | <0.01 | | Skin rash | 20 | 4.4 | 3 | 1.8 | 23 | 3.7 | 0.08 | | Altered conscious level | 205 | 44.9 | 46 | 27.7 | 251 | 40.2 | <0.01 | | Seizures | 107 | 23.4 | 38 | 22.9 | 145 | 23.2 | 0.07 | | Localizing signs | 25 | 5.5 | 3 | 1.8 | 28 | 4.5 | <0.05 | | Anterior fontanel bulge | 57/123 | 47.1 | 20/46 | 43.5 | 77/169 | 45.5 | 0.5 | | Abnormal crying | 54/123 | 36.6 | 16/46 | 34.8 | 70/169 | 41.4 | 0.3 | | Weak suckling | 43/123 | 35.00 | 16/46 | 34.8 | 59/169 | 35 | 0.5 |
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