Effect of Environmental Disturbance on the Population of Sandflies and Leishmania Transmission in an Endemic Area of Venezuela

Table 1

Ecoepidemiological characteristics and the degree of disturbance of the agroecosystems.

	Forest	Cocoa	Orangery
Environmental influence
Temperature	24.8–27.9°C	26.7–32°C	24.8–26.9°C
Relative wetness	65.5–82%	52–75.7%	75.2–83%
Water bodies	Yes	No	No
Type of vegetation	Arboreal	Shrubby and herbaceous	Shrubby
Anthropogenic influence
Animal presence	No	Yes; (domestic)	Yes; (domestic and breeding)
Crop presence	No	Yes; (cocoa, banana)	Yes; (citrus fruit)
Human influence	Felling of trees	Garbage	Chemical contamination
Stored and irrigation water	No	Cistern	Irrigation
Ecological disturbance	Conserved	Fragmented	Disturbed
Level of disturbance	Low	Medium	High