Submicroscopic and Asymptomatic Congenital Infection by Plasmodium vivax or P. falciparum in Colombia: 37 Cases with Placental Histopathology and Cytokine Profile in Maternal and Placental Blood
Table 2
Demographic and clinical characteristics of women and neonates studied, according to the presence or absence of plasmodial infection in cord blood.
Variable
Plasmodial infection in cord
Mean
SD
SE
95% CI mean Lower L; Upper L
Min
Max
Age
No
93
22.78
6.29
0.65
21.49
24.08
14
42
0.535
Yes
36
23.11
5.54
0.92
21.24
24.99
14
35
Parity
No
91
1.75
2.06
0.22
1.32
2.18
0
9
0.239
Yes
35
2.31
2.47
0.42
1.47
3.16
0
8
Positive history of PM as medical history
No
27
28%
() 0.753
Yes
9
25%
Month of gestation when infection occurred
No
24
5.75
2.55
0.52
4.68
6.82
2
9
1.000
Yes
6
5.67
2.32
0.95
3.24
8.10
4
9
Parasitemia at prenatal visit
No
10
3053.30
3745.38
1184.39
374.01
5732.59
77
12000
1.000
Yes
3
805.00
45.00
25.98
693.21
916.79
760
850
Weeks of gestation at birth
No
82
37.90
2.79
0.31
37.28
38.51
23
41
0.284
Yes
35
37.47
2.72
0.46
36.53
38.40
27
40
Maternal hemoglobin
No
71
11.114
1.669
0.198
10.719
11.509
7.2
18.3
0.139
Yes
27
11.456
1.165
0.224
10.995
11.916
9.1
13.4
Birth weight
No
100
3013.500
393.154
39.315
2935.490
3091.510
2230
4100
0.240
Yes
36
2906.111
405.465
67.577
2768.922
3043.301
2150
3900
Number of months pregnant when gestational Plasmodium infection occurred. Parasitemia level found in prenatal consultation when the episode of gestational malaria happened. Number of weeks of gestation at birth. SD: standard deviation. SE: standard error of the mean. 95% CI mean: confidence interval of 95% for the average; Lower L: lower limit; Upper L: upper limit. Min: minimum value; Max: maximum value. probability associated with the Kruskal-Wallis or chi-squared () test.
