Submicroscopic and Asymptomatic Congenital Infection by Plasmodium vivax or P. falciparum in Colombia: 37 Cases with Placental Histopathology and Cytokine Profile in Maternal and Placental Blood

Table 3

Plasmodial species detected by qPCR in maternal and placental blood of 37 cases with plasmodial DNA in umbilical cord.

(a) In cord-placental blood and cord-maternal blood

	Umbilical cord				Total
	None	P. falciparum	P. vivax	Both
Placenta
None	62	3	2	0	67
P. falciparum	18	18	0	0	36
P. vivax	18	1	7	0	26
Both	2	4	1	1	8
p () = 0.000	100	26	10	1	137
Mother
None	68	11	4	0	83
P. falciparum	12	14	0	0	26
P. vivax	20	1	6	0	27
Both	0	0	0	1	1
p () = 0.000	100	26	10	1	137

Positive cases: cord 27% (31/137), placenta 51% (70/137), and mother 39% (54/137).

(b) In three compartments simultaneously

#	Umbilical cord blood	Placental blood	Maternal blood	(%)
1	P. falciparum	P. falciparum	P. falciparum	13 (35)
2	P. falciparum	P. falciparum	None	5 (13)
3	P. vivax	P. vivax	P. vivax	4 (10)
4	P. vivax	P. vivax	None	3 (8)
5	P. falciparum	None	P. falciparum	1 (3)
6	P. vivax	None	P. vivax	1 (3)
7	Both	Both	Both	1 (3)
8	P. falciparum	Both	None	3 (8)
9	P. vivax	Both	P. vivax	1 (3)
10	P. falciparum	Both	P. vivax	1 (3)
11	P. falciparum	None	None	2 (5)
12	P. vivax	None	None	1 (3)
13	P. falciparum	P. vivax	None	1 (3)
Total				37 (100)