Regular Antenatal Attendance and Education Influence the Uptake of Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study at the University Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
Table 2
Association between sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, and ANC visits.
Variable
≤ 3 visits; 71(25.4%)
≥ 4 visits; 209(74.6%)
aOR (95% CI)
p-value
Age(years)
15-20
0(0)
4(100.0)
1 (reference)
21-25
12(25.5)
35(74.5)
3.02(0.14-63.91)
0.477
26-30
31(27.2)
83(72.8)
2.36(0.13-41.96)
0.557
31-35
17(22.1)
60(77.9)
4.49(0.25-79.03)
0.304
36-40
9(26.5)
25(73.5)
4.05(0.22-73.76)
0.345
41-45
2(50.0)
2(50.0)
1.00(0.06-15.98)
1.000
Education
No education
5(25.0)
15(75.0)
1 (reference)
Primary
36(29.0)
88(70.1)
1.42(0.33-6.06)
0.639
Secondary
16(20.8)
61(79.2)
1.61(0.33-7.89)
0.559
Tertiary
14(23.7)
45(76.3)
1.04(0.14-7.55)
0.971
Religion
Christian
55(25.9)
157(74.1)
1 (reference)
Muslim
16(23.5)
52(76.5)
2.07(0.86-5.00)
0.106
Occupation
Unemployed
4(10.5)
34(89.5)
1 (reference)
Informal
50(28.6)
125(71.4)
0.62(0.19-2.31)
0.518
Formal
17(25.0)
51(75.0)
0.57(0.12-2.63)
0.481
Marital Status
Single
4(22.2)
14(77.8)
1 (reference)
Married
66(27.7)
172(72.3)
2.12(0.38-11.69)
0.389
Cohabiting
1(4.2)
23(95.8)
9.2(0.83-101.94)
0.07
Parity
0
11(17.7)
51(82.3)
1 (reference)
1
21(23.9)
67(76.1)
0.88(0.27-2.97)
0.849
2
18(25.0)
54(75.0)
0.55(0.13-2.21)
0.402
3
9(30.0)
21(70.0)
0.23(0.04-1.19)
0.079
>4
12(42.9)
16(57.1)
0.42(0.080-2.21)
0.307
Supervision(DOT)
Yes
66(24.8)
200(75.2)
1 (reference)
No
5(35.7)
9(64.3)
1.87(0.59-5.89)
0.288
DOT: directly observed therapy. Chi square test was performed to compare categorical variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the effect of sociodemographic characteristics and medical history on ANC visits. < 0.05 was considered statistically significant ( values of significant variables are in bold print).
