Assessing the Influence of Water Management and Rainfall Seasonality on Water Quality and Intestinal Parasitism in Rural Northeastern Brazil
Table 3
Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in relation to the use of household-based water filters in 2016 in rural communities studied in Settlement 25 de Maio, Ceará State, Brazil.
Household-based water filter
Intestinal Parasites
Type 0 ()
Type 1 ()
Type 2 ()
Type 3 ()
p-value
Giardia intestinalis
5/66 (7.6)
4/48 (8.3)
1/24 (4.2)
4/61 (6.6)
0.924
Entamoeba histolytica
16/66 (24.2)
6/48 (12.5)
10/24 (41.7)
11/61 (18.0)
0.032
Entamoeba coli
18/66 (27.3)
14/48 (29.2)
11/24 (45.8)
10/61 (16.4)
0.046
Endolimax nana
15/66 (22.7)
10/48 (20.8)
7/24 (29.2)
14/61 (23.0)
0.886
Iodamoeba butschlii
15/66 (22.7)
2/48 (4.2)
2/24 (8.3)
3/61 (4.9)
0.818
Ascaris lumbricoides
1/66 (1.5)
3/48 (6.3)
0/24 (0.0)
2/61(3.3)
0.393
Types: 0: ceramic candle filter (hallow); 1: ceramic candle filter (with coal); 2: existing ceramic candle filter (unknown interior); 3: not using a household-based water filter.
